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Modern Çok Katlı Konut Mirasının Adaptasyonu: Kültürel Önem Açısından Bir İnceleme

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1-2, 73 - 94, 28.12.2024

Ayça Özmen

https://doi.org/10.59389/modular.1588832

Öz

Modern mimarlık mirasının yıkım tehdidi altındaki sayıca en fazla tipolojilerinden biri olan çok katlı konut mirasını konu alan bu çalışma, bu tipolojinin iyi örnek uygulamaları üzerinden, korumadan dönüşüme kadar farklı adaptasyon stratejilerinin değişim ve süreklilik eşiklerini belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Yirminci yüzyılın çok katlı konut mimarisinde iki dönüm noktasını temsil eden Batı Avrupa'dan üç vaka çalışması kültürel önem hiyerarşisine göre gruplandırılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda küresel öneme sahip Unité d’Habitation Marseille, yerel öneme sahip La Tour Bois-le-Prêtre ve sosyo-kültürel öneme sahip Wallisblok, yerinde gözlem ve literatür araştırması aracılığıyla incelenmiştir. Bulgular, her bir vakanın sırasıyla; mimari değer, sosyal değer ve ekonomik değer gibi farklı değer biçimlerine öncelik verdiğini ve kültürel önem hiyerarşisi azaldıkça değişimin kademeli olarak arttığını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kültürel önem Modern konut Modern konut mirası Konservasyon Adaptasyon

Kaynakça

  • Benton, T. (1984). Le Corbusier and the Loi Loucheur. AA Files: Architectural Association School of Architecture, 7, 54-60.
  • Botton, F. (2019). Unité d’Habitation Marseille, France 1952. In C. Croft & S. Macdonald (Eds.), Concrete: Case studies in conservation practice (pp. 112-125). Getty Publications.
  • Bradbury, D. (2021). The secret life of the modern house: The evolution of the way we live now. Ilex Press.
  • Carluccio, C. (2013). Upgrading public housing: Methods of sustainable retrofitting of public housing built from World War II to the end of 80’s (Publication No. 94194). [Doctoral dissertation, Università Politecnica delle Marche]. IRIS UNIVPM catalogo della ricerca.
  • Castiglioni, L. (2013). A methodology for refurbish the social housing heritage. In YRSB 13 iiSBE Forum of Young Researchers in Sustainable Building (pp. 1-10). CTU Publishing House.
  • De Jonge, W. (2017). Sustainable renewal of the everyday modern. Journal of Architectural Conservation, 23(1-2), 62-105. https://doi.org/10.1080/13556207.2017.1326555
  • Delemontey, Y. (2016). The Marseille Unité d’Habitation after Le Corbusier: Or the chronicle of a permanent construction site. Docomomo Journal, 54, 60-65. https://doi.org/10.52200/54.A.MVLPSYLX
  • Diana, L., Passarelli, C., Polverino, F., & Pugliese, F. (2024). A decision framework for the regeneration awareness of large-sized public housing using a building transformability assessment: A test case in Italy (Latina). Buildings, 14(1), 148.
  • Docomomo. (n.d.). The Eindhoven-Seoul statement. Docomomo International. Retrieved December 18, 2024, from https://docomomo.com/organization/
  • Docomomo_de. (n.d.). Frankfurt Declaration (on Housing). Docomomo Deutschland. Retrieved December 18, 2024, from https://docomomo.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/230428-Frankfurter-Erklarung_DocomomoDE_INT_DAM_IDS_FLNKM_COST2.pdf
  • Henket, H. J. (1998). The icon and the ordinary. In A. Cunningham (Ed.), Modern movement heritage (pp. 11-14). E & FN Spon.
  • Hulshof Architecten. (2012, February 17). Wallisblok. Hulshof Architecten. https://www.hulshof-architecten.nl/portfolio/wallisblok
  • Hulshof, I. (2008). Poetic freedom: Report on a regeneration project in the neighbourhood of Spangen in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Hulshof Architecten.
  • ICOMOS. (1964). The Venice Charter: International Charter for the Conservation and Restoration of Monuments and Sites. International Council on Monuments and Sites. https://www.icomos.org/en/participer/179-articles-en-francais/ressources/charters-and-standards/157-thevenice-charter
  • ICOMOS. (2013). The Burra Charter: The Australia ICOMOS Charter for places of cultural significance. ICOMOS Australia. https://australia.icomos.org/wp-content/uploads/The-Burra-Charter-2013-Adopted-31.10.2013.pdf
  • ICOMOS ISC 20C (2017). Approaches to the conservation of twentieth-century cultural heritage: Madrid–New Delhi document. International Council on Monuments and Sites. https://www.icomos.org/images/DOCUMENTS/Working_Groups/SDG/ICOMOS_201 7_Madrid-Delhi_Document-_Conservation_of_20c_Heritage-_en-fr-es.pdf
  • Lacaton, A., & Vassal, J. P. (2004). PLUS - Les grands ensembles de logements. Lacaton & Vassal. https://www.lacatonvassal.com/index.php?idp=46#
  • Lacaton, A., & Vassal, J. P. (2011). Transformation de la Tour Bois le Prêtre. Lacaton & Vassal. https://www.lacatonvassal.com/index.php?idp=56
  • Malighetti, L. (2012). Refurbishment Bois Le Pretre Tower in Paris, France. Arketipo, 67, 92-103.
  • Millais, M. (2015). A critical appraisal of the design, construction and influence of the Unité d’Habitation, Marseilles, France. Journal of Architecture and Urbanism, 39(2), 103-115. https://doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2015.1062636
  • Moors, M., & Plevoets, B. (2019). Re-reading the visions of the modernists of CIAM. In REHAB 2019: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Preservation, Maintenance and Rehabilitation of Historic Buildings and Structures (pp. 11-16). Portugal.
  • Omay Polat, E. E. (2008). Türkiye'nin modern mimarlık mirasının korunması: Kuram ve yöntem bağlamında bir değerlendirme [Conservation of modern architectural heritage in Turkey: An evaluation within the concept of theory and methodology] (Publication No. 237144). [Doctoral dissertation, Yıldız Technical University]. Turkey Council of Higher Education Thesis Center.
  • Prudon, T. (2017). Preservation, design and modern architecture: The challenges ahead. Journal of Architectural Conservation, 23(1-2), 27-35. https://doi.org/10.1080/13556207.2017.1327193
  • Prudon, T. H. M. (2008). Preservation of modern architecture. Wiley.
  • Reduce-Reuse-Recycle. (2012). Surplus: Anne Lacaton and Jean-Philippe Vassal in conversation with Mathieu Wellner. Reduce-Reuse-Recycle http://www.reduce-reuse-recycle.info/Projekt_3_0_id_21.html
  • Rieniets, T. (2020). Adapting a house, shaping the world. In C. Grafe & T. Rieniets (Eds.), Umbaukultur – The architecture of altering (pp. 66-83). Verlag Kettler.
  • Rotterdam Woont. (2023, October 26). Wallisblok. https://rotterdamwoont.nl/projecten/wallisblok/
  • Rowe, P. G. (1993). Modernity and housing. The MIT Press.
  • Rui, A. (2012). Rivoluzione soft/soft revolution. Abitare, 520, 152-161.
  • Spars, G., Busch, R., & Kämmerer, C. (2015). Gründerzeit Sanierung und Neunutzung von Problemimmobilien durch urbane Pioniere [Restoration and reuse of problem buildings through urban pioneers]. StadtBauKulturNRW.
  • The Pritzker Architecture Prize. (n.d.). Anne Lacaton and Jean-Philippe Vassal 2021 Laureates. https://www.pritzkerprize.com/laureates/anne-lacaton-and-jean-philippe-vassal
  • Tostões, A. (2022). Why preserving memory matters for building a wonderful world. In Tostões, A. (Ed.), Modern Heritage – Reuse Renovation Restoration (pp. 12-17). Basel: Birkhäuser / Lisbon: Docomomo International.
  • Tostões, A., & Ferreira, Z. (2017). The right to Housing (1945-2017). The preservation of Post-WWII European neighbourhoods. In UIA 2017 Seoul World Architects Congress Proceedings (pp. 1-6).
  • United Nations. (1948). Universal declaration of human rights. https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights
  • Weddle, R. (2013). Housing and technological reform in interwar France: The case of the Cité de la Muette. Journal of Architectural Education, 54(3), 167-175.
  • Weston, R. (2002). The house in the twentieth century. Laurence King Publishing.
  • World Habitat Awards. (2008). De Dichterlijke Vrijheid (DDV). https://world-habitat.org/world-habitat-awards/winners-and-finalists/de-dichterlijke-vrijheid-ddv/
  • Yoshida, N. (2000). Foreword: Before the dawn. In Visions of the real - Modern houses in the 20th century: I (pp. 6-9). A+U.

Adaptation of Modern Housing Heritage: A Review through Cultural Significance

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1-2, 73 - 94, 28.12.2024

Ayça Özmen

https://doi.org/10.59389/modular.1588832

Öz

Focusing on the modern housing heritage, one of the most numerous typologies of twentieth-century architecture at risk of demolition, this study aims to identify the thresholds of change and continuity of different adaptation strategies, from conservation to transformation, through good practices of this typology. Three case studies from Western Europe, representing two turning points in modern housing architecture, are grouped according to the hierarchy of cultural significance. Accordingly, Unité d'Habitation Marseille with global significance, La Tour Bois-le-Prêtre with local significance and Wallisblok with socio-cultural significance are analysed through literature review and on-site observations. The results show that each case prioritises different forms of values, such as architectural value, social value and economic value, respectively, and that change gradually increases as the hierarchy of cultural significance decreases.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cultural significance Modern housing Modern housing heritage Conservation Adaptation

Kaynakça

  • Benton, T. (1984). Le Corbusier and the Loi Loucheur. AA Files: Architectural Association School of Architecture, 7, 54-60.
  • Botton, F. (2019). Unité d’Habitation Marseille, France 1952. In C. Croft & S. Macdonald (Eds.), Concrete: Case studies in conservation practice (pp. 112-125). Getty Publications.
  • Bradbury, D. (2021). The secret life of the modern house: The evolution of the way we live now. Ilex Press.
  • Carluccio, C. (2013). Upgrading public housing: Methods of sustainable retrofitting of public housing built from World War II to the end of 80’s (Publication No. 94194). [Doctoral dissertation, Università Politecnica delle Marche]. IRIS UNIVPM catalogo della ricerca.
  • Castiglioni, L. (2013). A methodology for refurbish the social housing heritage. In YRSB 13 iiSBE Forum of Young Researchers in Sustainable Building (pp. 1-10). CTU Publishing House.
  • De Jonge, W. (2017). Sustainable renewal of the everyday modern. Journal of Architectural Conservation, 23(1-2), 62-105. https://doi.org/10.1080/13556207.2017.1326555
  • Delemontey, Y. (2016). The Marseille Unité d’Habitation after Le Corbusier: Or the chronicle of a permanent construction site. Docomomo Journal, 54, 60-65. https://doi.org/10.52200/54.A.MVLPSYLX
  • Diana, L., Passarelli, C., Polverino, F., & Pugliese, F. (2024). A decision framework for the regeneration awareness of large-sized public housing using a building transformability assessment: A test case in Italy (Latina). Buildings, 14(1), 148.
  • Docomomo. (n.d.). The Eindhoven-Seoul statement. Docomomo International. Retrieved December 18, 2024, from https://docomomo.com/organization/
  • Docomomo_de. (n.d.). Frankfurt Declaration (on Housing). Docomomo Deutschland. Retrieved December 18, 2024, from https://docomomo.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/230428-Frankfurter-Erklarung_DocomomoDE_INT_DAM_IDS_FLNKM_COST2.pdf
  • Henket, H. J. (1998). The icon and the ordinary. In A. Cunningham (Ed.), Modern movement heritage (pp. 11-14). E & FN Spon.
  • Hulshof Architecten. (2012, February 17). Wallisblok. Hulshof Architecten. https://www.hulshof-architecten.nl/portfolio/wallisblok
  • Hulshof, I. (2008). Poetic freedom: Report on a regeneration project in the neighbourhood of Spangen in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Hulshof Architecten.
  • ICOMOS. (1964). The Venice Charter: International Charter for the Conservation and Restoration of Monuments and Sites. International Council on Monuments and Sites. https://www.icomos.org/en/participer/179-articles-en-francais/ressources/charters-and-standards/157-thevenice-charter
  • ICOMOS. (2013). The Burra Charter: The Australia ICOMOS Charter for places of cultural significance. ICOMOS Australia. https://australia.icomos.org/wp-content/uploads/The-Burra-Charter-2013-Adopted-31.10.2013.pdf
  • ICOMOS ISC 20C (2017). Approaches to the conservation of twentieth-century cultural heritage: Madrid–New Delhi document. International Council on Monuments and Sites. https://www.icomos.org/images/DOCUMENTS/Working_Groups/SDG/ICOMOS_201 7_Madrid-Delhi_Document-_Conservation_of_20c_Heritage-_en-fr-es.pdf
  • Lacaton, A., & Vassal, J. P. (2004). PLUS - Les grands ensembles de logements. Lacaton & Vassal. https://www.lacatonvassal.com/index.php?idp=46#
  • Lacaton, A., & Vassal, J. P. (2011). Transformation de la Tour Bois le Prêtre. Lacaton & Vassal. https://www.lacatonvassal.com/index.php?idp=56
  • Malighetti, L. (2012). Refurbishment Bois Le Pretre Tower in Paris, France. Arketipo, 67, 92-103.
  • Millais, M. (2015). A critical appraisal of the design, construction and influence of the Unité d’Habitation, Marseilles, France. Journal of Architecture and Urbanism, 39(2), 103-115. https://doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2015.1062636
  • Moors, M., & Plevoets, B. (2019). Re-reading the visions of the modernists of CIAM. In REHAB 2019: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Preservation, Maintenance and Rehabilitation of Historic Buildings and Structures (pp. 11-16). Portugal.
  • Omay Polat, E. E. (2008). Türkiye'nin modern mimarlık mirasının korunması: Kuram ve yöntem bağlamında bir değerlendirme [Conservation of modern architectural heritage in Turkey: An evaluation within the concept of theory and methodology] (Publication No. 237144). [Doctoral dissertation, Yıldız Technical University]. Turkey Council of Higher Education Thesis Center.
  • Prudon, T. (2017). Preservation, design and modern architecture: The challenges ahead. Journal of Architectural Conservation, 23(1-2), 27-35. https://doi.org/10.1080/13556207.2017.1327193
  • Prudon, T. H. M. (2008). Preservation of modern architecture. Wiley.
  • Reduce-Reuse-Recycle. (2012). Surplus: Anne Lacaton and Jean-Philippe Vassal in conversation with Mathieu Wellner. Reduce-Reuse-Recycle http://www.reduce-reuse-recycle.info/Projekt_3_0_id_21.html
  • Rieniets, T. (2020). Adapting a house, shaping the world. In C. Grafe & T. Rieniets (Eds.), Umbaukultur – The architecture of altering (pp. 66-83). Verlag Kettler.
  • Rotterdam Woont. (2023, October 26). Wallisblok. https://rotterdamwoont.nl/projecten/wallisblok/
  • Rowe, P. G. (1993). Modernity and housing. The MIT Press.
  • Rui, A. (2012). Rivoluzione soft/soft revolution. Abitare, 520, 152-161.
  • Spars, G., Busch, R., & Kämmerer, C. (2015). Gründerzeit Sanierung und Neunutzung von Problemimmobilien durch urbane Pioniere [Restoration and reuse of problem buildings through urban pioneers]. StadtBauKulturNRW.
  • The Pritzker Architecture Prize. (n.d.). Anne Lacaton and Jean-Philippe Vassal 2021 Laureates. https://www.pritzkerprize.com/laureates/anne-lacaton-and-jean-philippe-vassal
  • Tostões, A. (2022). Why preserving memory matters for building a wonderful world. In Tostões, A. (Ed.), Modern Heritage – Reuse Renovation Restoration (pp. 12-17). Basel: Birkhäuser / Lisbon: Docomomo International.
  • Tostões, A., & Ferreira, Z. (2017). The right to Housing (1945-2017). The preservation of Post-WWII European neighbourhoods. In UIA 2017 Seoul World Architects Congress Proceedings (pp. 1-6).
  • United Nations. (1948). Universal declaration of human rights. https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights
  • Weddle, R. (2013). Housing and technological reform in interwar France: The case of the Cité de la Muette. Journal of Architectural Education, 54(3), 167-175.
  • Weston, R. (2002). The house in the twentieth century. Laurence King Publishing.
  • World Habitat Awards. (2008). De Dichterlijke Vrijheid (DDV). https://world-habitat.org/world-habitat-awards/winners-and-finalists/de-dichterlijke-vrijheid-ddv/
  • Yoshida, N. (2000). Foreword: Before the dawn. In Visions of the real - Modern houses in the 20th century: I (pp. 6-9). A+U.
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mimari Miras ve Koruma
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Ayça Özmen 0000-0001-6655-8064

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Aralık 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Kasım 2024
Kabul Tarihi 18 Aralık 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1-2

Kaynak Göster

APA Özmen, A. (2024). Adaptation of Modern Housing Heritage: A Review through Cultural Significance. Modular Journal, 7(1-2), 73-94. https://doi.org/10.59389/modular.1588832
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