Research Article
Year 2025,
Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 358 - 376, 27.12.2025
Abstract
Bu çalışma, ütopik mimari tasarımların yapay zekâ kullanılarak nasıl fotogerçekçi görüntülere dönüştürülebileceğini ve bu dönüşümün ütopyaların uygulanabilirliğini nasıl etkilediğini araştırmaktadır. Araştırma altı ünlü modernist ütopyaya odaklanmaktadır: La Citta Nuova (Antonio Sant'Elia, 1914), Broadacre City (Frank Lloyd Wright, 1932), Radiant City (Le Corbusier, 1933), Plug-in City (Peter Cook, 1964), Walking City (Ron Herron, 1966) ve Hexahedron Arcology (Paolo Soleri, 1969). Her bir ütopya, görsel bir yapay zeka aracı olan DALL-E aracılığıyla yapılandırılmış istemler kullanılarak yeniden üretilmiştir. Bu çalışma, yapay zeka tarafından üretilen fotogerçekçi temsillerin ütopik mimarinin yorumlanması ve kavramsallaştırılması üzerindeki etkisini incelemektedir. Metodolojik olarak çalışma, tekrarlanabilirliği sağlamak için yapılandırılmış bir yaklaşımla desteklenen nitel içerik analizi ve görsel analizi içermektedir. Yapay zekanın mimari temsildeki potansiyelini tartışırken, mekansal, maddi ve işlevsel verilerin aktarılmasındaki sınırlılıklarını da kabul etmektedir. Bulgular, DALL-E'nin işlevsel bir tasarım çözümünden ziyade öncelikle ilham verici bir araç olarak hizmet ettiğini göstermektedir.
Keywords
References
- Alekseeva, E. (2024). Artificial intelligence: utopia and subjectlessness. Another One Journal, 2(1), 46-63.
- Avcı, E., & Kavut, İ. E. (2024). Mimari tasarımda eskiz aşamasının yapay zekâ ile oluşturulması. Journal of Interior Design and Academy, 4(1), 43-61.
- Bagchi, B. (2015). Utopian and dystopian literature: A review article of new trends. CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture, 17(4).
- Budzynski, S. (2016). The spatialization of avant-garde consciousness: Antonio Sant’Elia’s Città Nuova and the experience of modernity in Italy. In M. Branland (Ed.), 1914. Presses universitaires de Paris Nanterre. https://doi.org/10.4000/books.pupo.15650
- Busbea, L. (2013). Paolo Soleri and the aesthetics of irreversibility. The Journal of Architecture, 18(6), 781–808. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602365.2013.858271
- Chan, A. (2023). GPT-3 and instructGPT: technological dystopianism, utopianism, and 'contextual' perspectives in AI ethics and industry. AI Ethics, 3, 53–64.https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-022-00148-6
- Campbell, C. (2024). Generative AI: Navigating between consumer utopia and dystopia: The critical role of research and leadership in shaping advertising’s future. Journal of Advertising Research, 64(3), 246-248.
- Carroll, N., Holmström, J., Stahl, B. C., & Fabian, N. E. (2024). Navigating the utopia and dystopia perspectives of artificial intelligence. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 55(1), 32.
- Cherry, G. E. (1988). Cities and plans: The shaping of urban Britain in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Edward Arnold.
- Ching, F. D. K. (2010). Design drawing. John Wiley & Sons.
- Claeys, G. (2013). News from somewhere: Enhanced sociability and the composite definition of utopia and dystopia. History, 98(330), 146.
- Clear, N. (2013). Drawing time. Architectural Design, 83(5), 70-79. https://doi.org/10.1002/ad.1637
- Cline, B., & Carlo, T. (2002). The changing of the avant-garde: Visionary architectural drawings from the Howard Gilman Collection. The Museum of Modern Art.
- Cohen, J. (2013). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Routledge.
- Contandriopoulos, C. (2013). Architecture and utopia in the 21st century. Journal of Architectural Education, 67(1), 3–6.
- Cook, P. (1991). 5 Plug-In. In Archigram. Birkhäuser Verlag.
- Cuito, A., & Montes, C. (2003). Antonio Sant’Elia. Te Neues.
- Curtis, W. (1986). Modern architecture since 1900. Phaidon Press.
- Dancey, C. P., & Reidy, J. (2007). Statistics without maths for psychology. Pearson Education.
- Fishman, R. (2021). From the radiant city to Vichy: Le Corbusier’s plans and politics, 1928–1942. MIT Press.
- Johnson, D. L. (1990). Frank Lloyd Wright versus America: The 1930s. MIT Press.
- Johns, A. (2003). Women’s utopias of the eighteenth century. University of Illinois Press.
- Kaplan, A., & Haenlein, M. (2019). Siri, Siri, in my hand: Who’s the fairest in the land? On the interpretations, illustrations, and implications of artificial intelligence. Business Horizons, 62(1), 15–25.
- Le Corbusier. (1939). Le lyrisme des temps nouveaux et l’urbanisme. Éditions de l’Architecture d’Aujourd’hui.
- Li, C., Zhang, T., Du, X., Zhang, Y., & Xie, H. (2024). Generative AI models for different steps in architectural design: A literature review. Frontiers of Architectural Research, 14(3), 759-783. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2024.10.001
- Luke, T. W. (1997). Ecocritique: Contesting the politics of nature, economy, and culture. University of Minnesota Press.
- Mannheim, K. (2015). Ideology and utopia: An introduction to the sociology of knowledge. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
- McQuaid, M. (2002). Envisioning architecture: Drawings from the Museum of Modern Art. The Museum of Modern Art.
- More, T. (1949). Utopia. Appleton-Century-Crofts.
- Nelson, A. C. (1995). The planning of exurban America: Lessons from Frank Lloyd Wright’s Broadacre City. Journal of Architectural and Planning Research, 12(4), 337–356.
- OpenAI. (2024). DALL•E: Creating images from text. OpenAI. https://openai.com/dall-e
- Oswald, Y. (2025). Artificial utopia: Simulation and intelligent agents for a democratised future (arXiv:2503.07364). arXiv.
- Ploennigs, J., Berger, M. (2023). AI art in architecture. AI in Civil Engineering, 2(8), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2212.09399
- Radhakrishnan, A. M. (2023). Is Midjourney-AI a new anti-hero of architectural imagery and creativity. GSJ, 11(1), 94-104.
- Rebhorn, W. A. (1976). Thomas More’s enclosed garden: 'Utopia' and Renaissance Humanism. English Literary Renaissance, 6(2), 140–155.
- Sadler, S. (2005). Archigram: Architecture without architecture. MIT Press.
- Sağlam, B. & Çelik, T. (2023). Mimarlık ve ütopya: yapay zeka ile üretken tasarım denemeleri. Mimarlık Dergisi, 429, 59-64.
- Singh, A.K., Singh, P.D., Avishek, K. (2020). Review of the radiant city by Le Corbusier: Paradoxes of a utopia of the machinist city. International Journal of Science, Engineering and Management, 5(10), 110-114.
- Soleri, P. (1969). Arcology: The city in the image of man. MIT Press.
- Stankiewicz, E. (2015). Frank Lloyd Wright’s Broadacre City as a manifestation of American values of freedom and democracy. A Journal of English Studies, 2(9), 26-36.
- Stodolka, N. (2020). Utopian metapatterns, The NYU Student Journal of Metapatterns, 2(2), 9.
- Turan, B. O. (2011). 21. yüzyıl tasarım ortamında süreç, biçim ve temsil ilişkisi. Megaron, 6(3), 162-170.
- Yıldırım, B., Kavut. İ.E. (2024). Tasarım imgesinde teknoloji etkisinin eskiz olgusu üzerinden okunması. Yedi: Sanat, Tasarım ve Bilim Dergisi, 31, 189-200.
- Zahrani, S.A., Babonji, R., Alhalabi, H. (2022). End of utopia: Dystopian architecture, Civil Engineering and Architecture, 10(3A), 93 - 101. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2022.101312
- Zhang, Z., Fort, J.M., Giménez Mateu, L. (2023). Exploring the potential of artificial intelligence as a tool for architectural design: A perception study using Gaudí’s works. Buildings, 13, 1863.
Year 2025,
Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 358 - 376, 27.12.2025
Abstract
This study investigates how utopian architectural designs can be transformed into photorealistic images using artificial intelligence and how this transformation influences the applicability of utopias. The research focuses on six famous modernist utopias: La Citta Nuova (Antonio Sant'Elia, 1914), Broadacre City (Frank Lloyd Wright, 1932), Radiant City (Le Corbusier, 1933), Plug-in City (Peter Cook, 1964), Walking City (Ron Herron, 1966), and Hexahedron Arcology (Paolo Soleri, 1969). Each utopia was reimagined through DALL-E, a visual AI tool, using structured prompts. This study examines the impact of AI-generated photorealistic representations on the interpretation and conceptualization of utopian architecture. Methodologically, this study incorporates qualitative content analysis and visual analysis, supplemented by a structured approach for ensuring reproducibility. It discusses the potential of AI in architectural representation while acknowledging its limitations in conveying spatial, material, and functional data. The findings suggest that DALL-E primarily serves as an inspirational tool rather than a functional design solution.
References
- Alekseeva, E. (2024). Artificial intelligence: utopia and subjectlessness. Another One Journal, 2(1), 46-63.
- Avcı, E., & Kavut, İ. E. (2024). Mimari tasarımda eskiz aşamasının yapay zekâ ile oluşturulması. Journal of Interior Design and Academy, 4(1), 43-61.
- Bagchi, B. (2015). Utopian and dystopian literature: A review article of new trends. CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture, 17(4).
- Budzynski, S. (2016). The spatialization of avant-garde consciousness: Antonio Sant’Elia’s Città Nuova and the experience of modernity in Italy. In M. Branland (Ed.), 1914. Presses universitaires de Paris Nanterre. https://doi.org/10.4000/books.pupo.15650
- Busbea, L. (2013). Paolo Soleri and the aesthetics of irreversibility. The Journal of Architecture, 18(6), 781–808. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602365.2013.858271
- Chan, A. (2023). GPT-3 and instructGPT: technological dystopianism, utopianism, and 'contextual' perspectives in AI ethics and industry. AI Ethics, 3, 53–64.https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-022-00148-6
- Campbell, C. (2024). Generative AI: Navigating between consumer utopia and dystopia: The critical role of research and leadership in shaping advertising’s future. Journal of Advertising Research, 64(3), 246-248.
- Carroll, N., Holmström, J., Stahl, B. C., & Fabian, N. E. (2024). Navigating the utopia and dystopia perspectives of artificial intelligence. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 55(1), 32.
- Cherry, G. E. (1988). Cities and plans: The shaping of urban Britain in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Edward Arnold.
- Ching, F. D. K. (2010). Design drawing. John Wiley & Sons.
- Claeys, G. (2013). News from somewhere: Enhanced sociability and the composite definition of utopia and dystopia. History, 98(330), 146.
- Clear, N. (2013). Drawing time. Architectural Design, 83(5), 70-79. https://doi.org/10.1002/ad.1637
- Cline, B., & Carlo, T. (2002). The changing of the avant-garde: Visionary architectural drawings from the Howard Gilman Collection. The Museum of Modern Art.
- Cohen, J. (2013). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Routledge.
- Contandriopoulos, C. (2013). Architecture and utopia in the 21st century. Journal of Architectural Education, 67(1), 3–6.
- Cook, P. (1991). 5 Plug-In. In Archigram. Birkhäuser Verlag.
- Cuito, A., & Montes, C. (2003). Antonio Sant’Elia. Te Neues.
- Curtis, W. (1986). Modern architecture since 1900. Phaidon Press.
- Dancey, C. P., & Reidy, J. (2007). Statistics without maths for psychology. Pearson Education.
- Fishman, R. (2021). From the radiant city to Vichy: Le Corbusier’s plans and politics, 1928–1942. MIT Press.
- Johnson, D. L. (1990). Frank Lloyd Wright versus America: The 1930s. MIT Press.
- Johns, A. (2003). Women’s utopias of the eighteenth century. University of Illinois Press.
- Kaplan, A., & Haenlein, M. (2019). Siri, Siri, in my hand: Who’s the fairest in the land? On the interpretations, illustrations, and implications of artificial intelligence. Business Horizons, 62(1), 15–25.
- Le Corbusier. (1939). Le lyrisme des temps nouveaux et l’urbanisme. Éditions de l’Architecture d’Aujourd’hui.
- Li, C., Zhang, T., Du, X., Zhang, Y., & Xie, H. (2024). Generative AI models for different steps in architectural design: A literature review. Frontiers of Architectural Research, 14(3), 759-783. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2024.10.001
- Luke, T. W. (1997). Ecocritique: Contesting the politics of nature, economy, and culture. University of Minnesota Press.
- Mannheim, K. (2015). Ideology and utopia: An introduction to the sociology of knowledge. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
- McQuaid, M. (2002). Envisioning architecture: Drawings from the Museum of Modern Art. The Museum of Modern Art.
- More, T. (1949). Utopia. Appleton-Century-Crofts.
- Nelson, A. C. (1995). The planning of exurban America: Lessons from Frank Lloyd Wright’s Broadacre City. Journal of Architectural and Planning Research, 12(4), 337–356.
- OpenAI. (2024). DALL•E: Creating images from text. OpenAI. https://openai.com/dall-e
- Oswald, Y. (2025). Artificial utopia: Simulation and intelligent agents for a democratised future (arXiv:2503.07364). arXiv.
- Ploennigs, J., Berger, M. (2023). AI art in architecture. AI in Civil Engineering, 2(8), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2212.09399
- Radhakrishnan, A. M. (2023). Is Midjourney-AI a new anti-hero of architectural imagery and creativity. GSJ, 11(1), 94-104.
- Rebhorn, W. A. (1976). Thomas More’s enclosed garden: 'Utopia' and Renaissance Humanism. English Literary Renaissance, 6(2), 140–155.
- Sadler, S. (2005). Archigram: Architecture without architecture. MIT Press.
- Sağlam, B. & Çelik, T. (2023). Mimarlık ve ütopya: yapay zeka ile üretken tasarım denemeleri. Mimarlık Dergisi, 429, 59-64.
- Singh, A.K., Singh, P.D., Avishek, K. (2020). Review of the radiant city by Le Corbusier: Paradoxes of a utopia of the machinist city. International Journal of Science, Engineering and Management, 5(10), 110-114.
- Soleri, P. (1969). Arcology: The city in the image of man. MIT Press.
- Stankiewicz, E. (2015). Frank Lloyd Wright’s Broadacre City as a manifestation of American values of freedom and democracy. A Journal of English Studies, 2(9), 26-36.
- Stodolka, N. (2020). Utopian metapatterns, The NYU Student Journal of Metapatterns, 2(2), 9.
- Turan, B. O. (2011). 21. yüzyıl tasarım ortamında süreç, biçim ve temsil ilişkisi. Megaron, 6(3), 162-170.
- Yıldırım, B., Kavut. İ.E. (2024). Tasarım imgesinde teknoloji etkisinin eskiz olgusu üzerinden okunması. Yedi: Sanat, Tasarım ve Bilim Dergisi, 31, 189-200.
- Zahrani, S.A., Babonji, R., Alhalabi, H. (2022). End of utopia: Dystopian architecture, Civil Engineering and Architecture, 10(3A), 93 - 101. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2022.101312
- Zhang, Z., Fort, J.M., Giménez Mateu, L. (2023). Exploring the potential of artificial intelligence as a tool for architectural design: A perception study using Gaudí’s works. Buildings, 13, 1863.
There are 45 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Architectural Design, Information Technologies in Architecture and Design, Social Design |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Submission Date | February 6, 2025 |
| Acceptance Date | September 11, 2025 |
| Publication Date | December 27, 2025 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2025 Volume: 8 Issue: 2 |