Energy Efficent Facade Design With in The Context of Sustainable Architectural Design: Biomimetic Facades
Öz
It is known that the construction industry has a large share in energy consumption. The energy problem, which started with the oil shortage in 1970 and gradually increased; This has resulted in architects becoming worried about problems such as energy consumption, climate crisis, and the destruction of the natural environment. For this reason, the titles of energy efficient building and facade design have come to the fore. In buildings, facades are building elements that play a key role in energy consumption or conservation. Architects are trying to find solutions to reduce energy consumption and to design structures with different technologies. One of the approaches that can be used to meet the qualifications sought in design processes is biomimicry / biomimetic design. Within the scope of the study, biomimetic energy efficient facades, which are seen as a response to the problems encountered in facades, have been examined within the scope of eight example structures and literature. “Is biomimetic energy efficient facade systems an appropriate design approach to provide energy efficiency in buildings?” intended to answer the question. In line with this purpose, it has been decided to make a comparative evaluation within the framework of effective parameters in energy efficiency over sample structures as a working method. As a result of the study, it has been determined that biomimetic designs provide energy efficiency on facades and it is suggested to be used in applications.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Energy Efficiency Sustainable Facade Design Sustainable Design Biomimetic Facade Applications Nature
Kaynakça
- Aksamija, A. (2013). Sustainable Facades : Design Methods For High-Performance Building Envelopes. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated.
- Aldemir, B.C. (2014).Bina Kabuğunun Biçimlenmesinde Doğal Süreçlere Dayalı Üretken Yaklaşımlar, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, İstanbul, 6-15.
- Arslan, S.S., Sorguç, G.A. (2007). Mimarlık Tasarımı Paradigmasında Biomimesis’in Etkisi, Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt 22, No 2, 451-459, 2007 Vol 22, No 8, 451-459.
- Badarnah, K. (2010). Towards The Living Envelope Biomimetics For Building Envelope Adaptation, Wöhrmann Print Service B.V. Zutphen, The Netherlands.
- Benyus, J.M. (1998). Biomimicry: Innovation Inspired by Nature. New York: Harper Perennial.
- Castro-Lacouture, D., Sefair, J.A., Flórez, L., Medaglia, A.L. (2009). Optimization Model For The Selection Of Materials Using A LEED-Based Green Building Rating System In Colombia, Build. Environ. 44 (6) 1162–1170.
- Cruz, E., Hubert, T., Chancoco, G., Naim, O., Chayaamor-Heil, N., Cornette, R., Menezo, C., Badarnah, L., Raskin, K., Aujard, F. (2021). Design Processes And Multi-Regulation Of Biomimetic Building Skins: A Comparative Analysis, Energy & Buildings, 246.
- Fayemi, P. E., Wanieck, K., Zollfrank, C., Maranzana, N., & Aoussat, A.(2017). Biomimetics: Process, Tools And Practice. Bioinspiration & Biomimetics, 12(1),011002.
- Gruber, P. (2011). Biomimetics In Architecture: Architecture of Life and Buildings, Mörlenbach, Germany: SpringerWienNewYork.
- Gündoğdu, E. (2020). Cephe Sistemlerinin Enerji Etkinliği Üzerine Biyomimetik Bir Değerlendirme, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Konya: Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi.
- Gündoğdu, E. ve Arslan, H. D. (2020). Mimaride Enerji Etkin Cephe ve Biyomimikri. Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part C: Tasarım Ve Teknoloji, 8(4), 922-935.
- Haidari, H. (2015). Decisive Design Aspects For Designing A Kinetic Façade.
- ISO 18458:2015 - Biomimetics – Terminology, Concepts And Methodology.
- Karamanlıoğlu, Ş., (2011), Enerji Etkin Bina Cephe Sitemlerine Yönelik Yaklaşımların İrdelenmesi,Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İzmir.
- Knapp, T., Wagner, A. (2009). Whole Buildings: Sustainability and Energy Efficiency. 15- 18 Haziran 2009, 4th International Building Physics Conference. İstanbul: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Mimarlık Fakültesi.
- Knıppers, J., Jungjohann, H., Scheıble, F., And Oppe, M., (2013). Bio-İnspired Kinetic Façade For The Thematic Pavilion ”One Ocean” Expo 2012 İn Yeosu, Korea. Bautechnik 90, Nr. 6.
- Loonen, R.C.G.M., Trčka, M., Cóstola, D. & Hensen, J.L.M. (2013). Climate Adaptive Building Shells: State-Of-The-Art And Future Challenges, Renewable And Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 25, Pp. 483–493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.04.016.
- Lopez, M., Rubio, R., Martin, S., Croxford, B. (2017). How Plants İnspire Façades. From Plants To Architecture: Biomimetic Principles For The Development Of Adaptive Architectural Envelopes, Renewable And Sustainable Energy Reviews.
- Loonen R.C.G.M. (2015). Bio-inspired Adaptive Building Skins. Biotechnologies and Biomimetics for Civil Engineering. Ed. Fernando Pacheco Torgal, J.A. Labrincha M.V. Diamanti, C.-P. Yu, H.K. Lee, Springer International Publishing Switzerland, s: 115-135.
- Mazzoleni, I. (2010). Biomimetic Envelopes. Dısegnarecon, 3(5), 99–112.
- Mazzoleni, I. (2011). Biomimetic Envelopes: Investigating Nature to Design Buildings Teaching, Biomimicry in Interdisciplinary Bioscience Courses, Proceedings of the Biomimicry Institute Higher Education Conference.
- Mohamed, N.A., F.Bakr, A., E.Hassan, A. (2019). Energy Efficient Buildings İn Smart Cities: Biomimicry Approach, Real Corp 2019 Proceedings/Tagungsband 2-4 April 2019.
- Nkandu, M., Alibaba, H. (2018). Biomimicry As An Alternative Approach To Sustainability. Bulletin Of The Polytechnic Institute Of Jassy, Constructıons. Archıtecture Section. 8. 10.5923/J.Arch.20180801.01.
- Pawlyn. M. (2011). Biomimicry in Architecture. London. UK: RIBA Publishing.
- Önal, M.B., Karakoç, E. (2019). Innovative Approaches To Organic Architecture: Nature-Inspired Architectural Design, XXII Generative Art Conference - GA2019.
- Radwan, A.N., Osama, N. (2016). Improving Sustainability Concept in Developing Countries - Biomimicry An Approach For Energy Efficient Building Skin Design, Procedia Environmental Sciences 34 ( 2016 ) 178 – 189.
- Schittich, C. (2001). In Detail: Building Skins – Concepts, Layers, Materials. Basel; Boston; Berlin: Birkhäuser.
- Schınegger, K., Rutzınger, S., Oberascher, M., And Weber, G. (2012). Soma Theme Pavilion Expo Yeosu, One Ocean. St. Pölten: Residenz Verlag.
- Schleıcher, S., Julıan, J., Poppınga, S., Speck, T., And Knıppers, J., (2015). A Methodology For Transferring Principles Of Plant Movements To Elastic Systems İn Architecture. Computer-Aided Design 60. (Published Online).
- Tokuç, A., Özkaban, F.F., Çakır, A.Ö. (2018). Biomimetic Facade Applications For A More Sustainable Future, Intechopen.
- Uçar S. ve Mimari Açıdan Biyomimikrinin Tasarım Paradigması Olarak Değerlendirilmesi, ISAS 2019, Ankara, Türkiye.
- Zari, M. P., (2007). Biomimetic Approaches To Architectural Design For İncreased Sustainability, Transforming Our Built Environment: New Zealand Sustainable Building Conference, Auckland, 14-16.
- Zigenfus, R. E. (2008). Element Analysis of the Green Building Process, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. New York: Rochester Institute of Technology Masters of Science in Environmental, Health and Safety Management.
- URL-1: https://biomimicry.org/what-is-biomimicry/ (Erişim: 13.01.2022)
- URL-2: https://toolbox.biomimicry.org/methods/process/ (Erişim: 10.12.2021)
- URL-3: Tokuç, A., Özkaban, F.F., Çakır, Ö.A. (2018). Biomimetic Facade Applications for a More Sustainable Future, Interdisciplinary Expansions in Engineering and Design With the Power of Biomimicry, Intechopen. https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/59632#F1 (Erişim: 05.11.2021)
- URL-4: https://www.yatzer.com/grid-sustainable-habitat-2020
- URL-5: https://www.kew.org/kew-gardens/whats-in-the-gardens/davies-alpine-house
- URL-6: https://www.wilkinsoneyre.com/projects/royal-botanic-gardens-kew-masterplan
- URL-7: https://daviesalpinehouse.weebly.com/environment.html
- URL-8: http://www.achimmenges.net/?p=5922
- URL-9: http://www.achimmenges.net/?p=5612
Öz
Yapı endüstrisinin enerji tüketiminde büyük paya sahip olduğu bilinmektedir. 1970 yılında petrol sıkıntısıyla başlayan ve giderek artan enerji sorunu; mimarların enerji tüketimi, iklim krizi, doğal çevrenin yok oluşu gibi problemler için endişelenir hale gelmesiyle sonuçlanmıştır. Bu sebeple enerji etkin bina ve cephe tasarımı başlıkları öne çıkmıştır. Yapılarda cephelerse enerji tüketimi veya korunmasında kilit rol oynayan yapı elemanlarıdır. Mimarlar enerji tüketiminin azaltılması için çözümler üretmeye ve farklı teknolojilerle yapıları tasarlamaya çalışmaktadırlar. Tasarım süreçlerinde aranan nitelikleri karşılamak için yararlanılabilecek yaklaşımlardan biriyse biyomimikri/biyomimetik tasarımdır. Çalışma kapsamında cephelerde karşılaşılan problemlere yanıt olarak görülen biyomimetik enerji etkin cepheler, sekiz adet örnek yapı ve literatür kapsamında incelenmiştir. “Biyomimetik enerji etkin cephe sistemleri yapılarda enerji verimliliğini sağlamakta uygun bir tasarım yaklaşımı mıdır?” sorusunun yanıtlanması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışma yöntemi olarak örnek yapılar üzerinden enerji etkinlikte etken parametreler çerçevesinde karşılaştırmalı bir değerlendirme yapılmasına karar verilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda biyomimetik tasarımların cephelerde enerji etkinliğini sağladığı tespit edilmiş ve uygulamalarda kullanılması önerilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Enerji Verimliliği Sürdürülebilir Cephe Tasarımı Sürdürülebilir Tasarım Biyomimetik Cephe Uygulamaları Doğa
Kaynakça
- Aksamija, A. (2013). Sustainable Facades : Design Methods For High-Performance Building Envelopes. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated.
- Aldemir, B.C. (2014).Bina Kabuğunun Biçimlenmesinde Doğal Süreçlere Dayalı Üretken Yaklaşımlar, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, İstanbul, 6-15.
- Arslan, S.S., Sorguç, G.A. (2007). Mimarlık Tasarımı Paradigmasında Biomimesis’in Etkisi, Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt 22, No 2, 451-459, 2007 Vol 22, No 8, 451-459.
- Badarnah, K. (2010). Towards The Living Envelope Biomimetics For Building Envelope Adaptation, Wöhrmann Print Service B.V. Zutphen, The Netherlands.
- Benyus, J.M. (1998). Biomimicry: Innovation Inspired by Nature. New York: Harper Perennial.
- Castro-Lacouture, D., Sefair, J.A., Flórez, L., Medaglia, A.L. (2009). Optimization Model For The Selection Of Materials Using A LEED-Based Green Building Rating System In Colombia, Build. Environ. 44 (6) 1162–1170.
- Cruz, E., Hubert, T., Chancoco, G., Naim, O., Chayaamor-Heil, N., Cornette, R., Menezo, C., Badarnah, L., Raskin, K., Aujard, F. (2021). Design Processes And Multi-Regulation Of Biomimetic Building Skins: A Comparative Analysis, Energy & Buildings, 246.
- Fayemi, P. E., Wanieck, K., Zollfrank, C., Maranzana, N., & Aoussat, A.(2017). Biomimetics: Process, Tools And Practice. Bioinspiration & Biomimetics, 12(1),011002.
- Gruber, P. (2011). Biomimetics In Architecture: Architecture of Life and Buildings, Mörlenbach, Germany: SpringerWienNewYork.
- Gündoğdu, E. (2020). Cephe Sistemlerinin Enerji Etkinliği Üzerine Biyomimetik Bir Değerlendirme, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Konya: Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi.
- Gündoğdu, E. ve Arslan, H. D. (2020). Mimaride Enerji Etkin Cephe ve Biyomimikri. Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part C: Tasarım Ve Teknoloji, 8(4), 922-935.
- Haidari, H. (2015). Decisive Design Aspects For Designing A Kinetic Façade.
- ISO 18458:2015 - Biomimetics – Terminology, Concepts And Methodology.
- Karamanlıoğlu, Ş., (2011), Enerji Etkin Bina Cephe Sitemlerine Yönelik Yaklaşımların İrdelenmesi,Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İzmir.
- Knapp, T., Wagner, A. (2009). Whole Buildings: Sustainability and Energy Efficiency. 15- 18 Haziran 2009, 4th International Building Physics Conference. İstanbul: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Mimarlık Fakültesi.
- Knıppers, J., Jungjohann, H., Scheıble, F., And Oppe, M., (2013). Bio-İnspired Kinetic Façade For The Thematic Pavilion ”One Ocean” Expo 2012 İn Yeosu, Korea. Bautechnik 90, Nr. 6.
- Loonen, R.C.G.M., Trčka, M., Cóstola, D. & Hensen, J.L.M. (2013). Climate Adaptive Building Shells: State-Of-The-Art And Future Challenges, Renewable And Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 25, Pp. 483–493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.04.016.
- Lopez, M., Rubio, R., Martin, S., Croxford, B. (2017). How Plants İnspire Façades. From Plants To Architecture: Biomimetic Principles For The Development Of Adaptive Architectural Envelopes, Renewable And Sustainable Energy Reviews.
- Loonen R.C.G.M. (2015). Bio-inspired Adaptive Building Skins. Biotechnologies and Biomimetics for Civil Engineering. Ed. Fernando Pacheco Torgal, J.A. Labrincha M.V. Diamanti, C.-P. Yu, H.K. Lee, Springer International Publishing Switzerland, s: 115-135.
- Mazzoleni, I. (2010). Biomimetic Envelopes. Dısegnarecon, 3(5), 99–112.
- Mazzoleni, I. (2011). Biomimetic Envelopes: Investigating Nature to Design Buildings Teaching, Biomimicry in Interdisciplinary Bioscience Courses, Proceedings of the Biomimicry Institute Higher Education Conference.
- Mohamed, N.A., F.Bakr, A., E.Hassan, A. (2019). Energy Efficient Buildings İn Smart Cities: Biomimicry Approach, Real Corp 2019 Proceedings/Tagungsband 2-4 April 2019.
- Nkandu, M., Alibaba, H. (2018). Biomimicry As An Alternative Approach To Sustainability. Bulletin Of The Polytechnic Institute Of Jassy, Constructıons. Archıtecture Section. 8. 10.5923/J.Arch.20180801.01.
- Pawlyn. M. (2011). Biomimicry in Architecture. London. UK: RIBA Publishing.
- Önal, M.B., Karakoç, E. (2019). Innovative Approaches To Organic Architecture: Nature-Inspired Architectural Design, XXII Generative Art Conference - GA2019.
- Radwan, A.N., Osama, N. (2016). Improving Sustainability Concept in Developing Countries - Biomimicry An Approach For Energy Efficient Building Skin Design, Procedia Environmental Sciences 34 ( 2016 ) 178 – 189.
- Schittich, C. (2001). In Detail: Building Skins – Concepts, Layers, Materials. Basel; Boston; Berlin: Birkhäuser.
- Schınegger, K., Rutzınger, S., Oberascher, M., And Weber, G. (2012). Soma Theme Pavilion Expo Yeosu, One Ocean. St. Pölten: Residenz Verlag.
- Schleıcher, S., Julıan, J., Poppınga, S., Speck, T., And Knıppers, J., (2015). A Methodology For Transferring Principles Of Plant Movements To Elastic Systems İn Architecture. Computer-Aided Design 60. (Published Online).
- Tokuç, A., Özkaban, F.F., Çakır, A.Ö. (2018). Biomimetic Facade Applications For A More Sustainable Future, Intechopen.
- Uçar S. ve Mimari Açıdan Biyomimikrinin Tasarım Paradigması Olarak Değerlendirilmesi, ISAS 2019, Ankara, Türkiye.
- Zari, M. P., (2007). Biomimetic Approaches To Architectural Design For İncreased Sustainability, Transforming Our Built Environment: New Zealand Sustainable Building Conference, Auckland, 14-16.
- Zigenfus, R. E. (2008). Element Analysis of the Green Building Process, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. New York: Rochester Institute of Technology Masters of Science in Environmental, Health and Safety Management.
- URL-1: https://biomimicry.org/what-is-biomimicry/ (Erişim: 13.01.2022)
- URL-2: https://toolbox.biomimicry.org/methods/process/ (Erişim: 10.12.2021)
- URL-3: Tokuç, A., Özkaban, F.F., Çakır, Ö.A. (2018). Biomimetic Facade Applications for a More Sustainable Future, Interdisciplinary Expansions in Engineering and Design With the Power of Biomimicry, Intechopen. https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/59632#F1 (Erişim: 05.11.2021)
- URL-4: https://www.yatzer.com/grid-sustainable-habitat-2020
- URL-5: https://www.kew.org/kew-gardens/whats-in-the-gardens/davies-alpine-house
- URL-6: https://www.wilkinsoneyre.com/projects/royal-botanic-gardens-kew-masterplan
- URL-7: https://daviesalpinehouse.weebly.com/environment.html
- URL-8: http://www.achimmenges.net/?p=5922
- URL-9: http://www.achimmenges.net/?p=5612
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Mimarlık |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 27 Haziran 2022 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 22 Ocak 2022 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1 |
