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Açık Ofislerde İş İstasyonu Bölücü Panel Yüksekliklerinin Çalışanların Algısal Değerlendirmelerine Etkisi

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 176 - 190, 31.12.2022

Kemal Yıldırım , Nur Paçacı Kılcı , Burak Kılcı

Abstract

Bu araştırmada, aynı özelliklerde fakat iki farklı yükseklikte bölücü panele sahip (1,00 m ve 1,10 m) iş istasyonları bulunan açık ofislerin fiziksel çevre faktörlerine yönelik mekânsal algısının tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada, Sincan Organize Sanayi Bölgesinde faaliyet gösteren ERSA Mobilyanın ana binasında bulunan 1,00 m ve 1,10 m yüksekte bölücü panele sahip iş istasyonları araştırma kapsamına alınmıştır. Bu ofislerde çalışanlardan, anlamsal farklılaşma ölçeğini kullanarak açık ofislerin fiziksel çevre faktörlerini değerlendirmeleri istenmiştir. Sonuçta, 1,10 m bölücü panelli iş istasyonunu kullanan çalışanların açık ofislerin fiziksel çevre faktörlerini, 1,00 m bölücü panelli iş istasyonunu kullanan çalışanlara göre daha ferah, düzenli, özgür, ilginç, huzur verici, sessiz-sakin, aydınlık ve seyrek olarak algıladıkları belirlenmiştir. Diğer taraftan 1,00 m bölücü panelli iş istasyonunu kullanan çalışanların ise ofisleri, 1,10 m bölücü panelli iş istasyonunu kullanan çalışanlara göre daha sıcak olarak algıladıkları görülmektedir. Bu sonuçlar, ofislerde kullanılan iki farklı bölücü panel yüksekliğine sahip iş istasyonunun, çalışanların ofisin fiziksel çevre faktörlerine yönelik algısal değerlendirmelerini önemli derecede etkilediğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

Açık ofis İş istasyonu Bölücü panel İç tasarım Algı

Thanks

Araştırma anketini doldurarak katkı sağlayan değerli ERSA Mobilya çalışanlarına çok teşekkür ederiz.

References

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  • Allen, T.J. ve Gerstberger, P.G. (1973). A field experiment to improve communications in a product engineering department: The nonterritorial office. Human Factors 15(5), 487-498.
  • Anjum, N., Paul, J. ve Ashcroft, R. (2005). The changing environment of offices: A challenge for furniture, design. Design Studies 26(1), 73-95.
  • Aries, M.B.C., Veitch, J.A. ve Newsham, G.R. (2010). Windows, view, and office characteristics predict physical and psychological discomfort. Journal of Environmental Psychology 30(4), 533-541.
  • Baker, J. (1986). The role of the environment in marketing services: the consumer perspective. J. A. Cepeil vd. (Ed.), The services challenge: İntegrating for competitive advantage, American Marketing, (s.79-84). Association.
  • Block, L.K. ve Stokes, G.S. (1989). Performance and satisfaction in private versus nonprivate work settings. Environment and Behavior 21(3), 277-297.
  • Brennan, A., Chugh, J. S., ve Kline, T. (2002). Traditional versus Open Office Design: A Longitudinal Field Study. Environment and Behavior 34(3), 279–299
  • Burgess, M.A., Lai, J.C.S., Eisner, M. ve Taylor, E. (1989). Speech privacy in open-plan offices-post occupancy. In Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of the Ergonomics Society of Australia: Ergonomics, Technology and Productivity, 26–29 November, Fortitude Valley, Australia: Ergonomics Society of Australia, 351-354.
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  • Cagatay, K., Hidayetoğlu, M. L. ve Yıldırım, K. (2017). Lise koridor duvarlarında kullanılan renklerin öğrencilerin algısal değerlendirmeleri üzerindeki etkileri. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi 32(2), 466-479.
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  • Escuyer, S. ve Fontoynont, M. (2001). Lighting controls: A field study of office workers’ reaction. lighting, Research and Technology 33(2), 77-94.
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  • Hedge, A. (1986). Open versus enclosed workspaces: The impact of design on employee reactions to their offices. Wineman, J.D. (Ed.), Behavioral Issues in Office Design, (s. 139-176). Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.
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  • Jahncke, H., Hygge, S., Halin, N., Green, A.M. ve Dimberg, K. (2011). Open-plan office noise: Cognitive performance and restoration. Journal of Environmental Psychology 31(4), 373-382.
  • Kaarlela-Tuomaala, A., Helenius, R., Keskinen, E. ve Hongisto, V. (2009). Effects of acoustic environment on work in private office rooms and open-plan offices – longitudinal study during relocation. Ergonomics 52(1), 1423-1444.
  • Kang, S., Ou, D. ve Mak, C.M. (2017). The impact of indoor environmental quality on work productivity in university open-plan research offices. Building and Environment 124, 78-89.
  • Kim, J. ve de Dear, R. (2012). nonlinear relationships between individual IEQ factors and overall workspace satisfaction. Building and Environment, 49, 33-40.
  • Kim, J. ve de Dear, R. (2013). Workspace Satisfaction: The privacy-communication trade-off in open-plan offices. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 36, 18-26.
  • Kim, J., de Dear, R., Candido, C., Zhang, H. ve Arens, E. (2013). Gender differences in office occupant perception of indoor environmental quality (IEQ). Building and Environment, 70, 245-256.
  • Kożusznik, M.W., Peiró, J.M., Soriano, A. ve Escudero, M.N. (2017). Out of sight, out of mind? the role of physical stressors, cognitive appraisal, and positive emotions in employees’ health. Environment and Behavior, 50(1), 86-115.
  • Li, D.H.W. ve Lam, J.C. (2001). Evaluation of lighting performance in office buildings with daylighting controls. Energy and Buildings, 33(8), 793-803.
  • Liebl, A., Haller, J., Jödicke, B., Baumgartner, H., Schlittmeier, S. ve Hellbrück, J. (2012). Combined effects of acoustic and visual distraction on cognitive performance and well-being. Applied Ergonomics, 43(2), 424-434.
  • Mak, C.M. ve Lui, Y.P. (2012). The effect of sound on office productivity. Building Services Engineering Research and Technology, 33(3), 339-345.
  • Markus, T.A. (1967). The function of windows: A reappraisal. Building Science, 2(2), 97-121.
  • Mercer, A. (1979). Office environments and clerical behaviour. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 6(1), 29-39.
  • Mital, A., McGlothlin, J.D. ve Faard, H.F. (1992). Noise in multiple-workstation open-plan computer rooms: measurements and annoyance. Journal of Human Ergology, 21(1), 69-82.
  • Mulville, M., Callaghan, N. ve Isaac, D. (2016). The impact of the ambient environment and building configuration on occupant productivity in open-plan commercial offices. Journal of Corporate Real Estate, 18(3), 180-193.
  • Oldham, G.R. (1988). Effects of changes in workspace partitions and spatial density on employee reactions: A quasi-experiment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 73(2), 253-258.
  • Oldham, G.R. ve Brass, D.J. (1979). Employee reactions to an open-plan office: a naturally occurring quasi-experiment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24(2), 267-284.
  • Oldham, G.R. and Rotchford, N.L. (1983). Relationships between office characteristics and employee reactions: a study of the physical environment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 28(4), 542-556.
  • Panayides, P. (2013). Coefficient alpha: interpret with caution. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 9(4), 687-696.
  • Pejtersen, J., Allermann, L., Kristensen, T.S. ve Poulsen, O.M. (2006). Indoor climate, psychosocial work environment and symptoms in open‐plan offices. Indoor Air, 16(5), 392-401.
  • Rasila, H. ve Jylhä, T. (2015). The many faces of office noise–case contact center. Facilities 33(7/8), 454-464.
  • Schweizer, C., Edwards, R.D., Bayer-Oglesby, L., Gauderman, W.J., Ilacqua, V., Jantunen, M.J., vd. (2007). Indoor time-microenvironment-activity patterns in seven regions of Europe. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (17), 170-181.
  • Stone, N.J. (2001). Designing effective study environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21(2), 179-190.
  • Sundstrom, E. (1986). Work places: The psychology of the physical environment in offices and factories. Cambridge University Press.
  • Sundstrom, E., Burt, R.E. ve Kamp, D. (1980). Privacy at work: Architectural correlates of job satisfaction and job performance. Academy of Management Journal, 23(1), 101-117.
  • Sundstrom, E., Herbert, R.K. ve Brown, D.W. (1982a). Privacy and communication in an open-plan office. Environment and Behavior, 14(3), 379-392.
  • Sundstrom, E., Town, J.P., Brown, D.W., Forman, A. ve McGee, C. (1982b). Physical enclosure, type of job, and privacy in the office. Environment and Behavior, 14(5), 543-559.
  • Sundstrom, E., Town, J.P., Rice, R.W., Osborn, D.P. and Brill, M. (1994). Office noise, satisfaction, and performance. Environment and Behavior, 26(2), 195-222.
  • Veitch, J.A., Newsham, G.R., Boyce, P.R. ve Jones, C.C. (2008). Lighting appraisal, well-being and performance in open-plan office: A linked mechanisms approach. Lighting Research and Technology, 40(2), 133-151.
  • Virjonen, P., Keränen, J., Helenius, R., Hakala, J. ve Hongisto, O.V. (2007). Speech privacy between neighboring workstations in an open office-a laboratory study. Acta Acustica United with Acustica, 93(5), 771-782.
  • Vischer, J.C. (1989). Environmental quality in offices. Van Nostrand Reinhold.
  • Wineman, J.D., (Ed.) (1986). Behavioral issues in office design. Van Nostrand Reinhold.
  • Yildirim, K., Akalin-Baskaya, A. ve Celebi, M. (2007a). The effects of window proximity, partition height, and gender on perceptions of open-plan offices. Journal of Environmental Psychology 27(2), 154-165.
  • Yildirim, K., Akalin-Baskaya, A. ve Hidayetoglu, M.L. (2007b). Effects of indoor color on mood and cognitive performance. Building and Environment, 42(9), 3233-3240.
  • Yıldırım, K., Hidayetoğlu, M. L. ve Şen, A. (2007c). Farklı mimari biçimlerdeki kafe/pastane mekânlarının kullanıcıların algı-davranışsal performansı üzerine etkisi. Politeknik Dergisi, 10(3), 295-301.
  • Yıldırım, K. ve Akalın, A. (2009). Problems related to the dimensions of curved areas in the main living rooms of apartment housing. Journal of Architectural and Planning Research, 26(1), 70-87.
  • Yildirim, K., Capanoğlu, A. ve Cagatay, K. (2011a). The effects of physical environmental factors on students’ perceptions in computer classrooms. Indoor and Built Environment, 20(5), 501-510.
  • Yildirim, K., Hidayetoglu, M.L. ve Capanoglu, A. (2011b). Effects of interior colors on mood and preference: comparisons of two living rooms. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 112(2), 509-524.
  • Yıldırım, K., Capanoğlu, A., Cagatay, K. and Hidayetoğlu, M.L. (2012). Effect of wall colour on the perception of hairdressing salons. Journal of the International Colour Association (7), 51-63.
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  • Yıldırım, K., Güneş, E. ve Yilmaz, G.P. (2019). The effects of workstation partition heights on employees’ perceptions in open-plan offices. Journal of Corporate Real Estate, 21(2), 148-166. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCRE-03-2018-0010
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The Effect of Workstation Divider Panel Heights on Employees' Perceptual Evaluations in Open Offices

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 176 - 190, 31.12.2022

Kemal Yıldırım , Nur Paçacı Kılcı , Burak Kılcı

Abstract

In this research, it is aimed to determine the spatial perception of open offices with workstations with the same characteristics but with two different height divider panels (1.00 m and 1.10 m) towards physical environmental factors. In the research, workstations with 1.00 m and 1.10 m high divider panels located in the main building of ERSA Furniture operating in the Sincan Organized Industrial Zone were included in the research. Employees in these offices were asked to evaluate the physical environmental factors of open offices using the semantic differentiation scale. As a result, it was determined that the employees using the workstation with 1.10 m partition panel perceived the physical environmental factors of open offices as more spacious, organized, free, interesting, peaceful, quiet-calm, bright and sparse than the employees using the workstation with 1.00 m partition panel. On the other hand, it is seen that the employees using the workstation with a 1.00 m divider panel perceive the offices as warmer than the employees using the workstation with a 1.10 m divider panel. These results show that the workstation with two different divider panel heights used in offices significantly affects the employees' perceptual evaluations of the physical environment factors of the office.

Keywords

Open office Workstation Divider panel Interior design Perception

References

  • Akalın, A., Yıldırım, K., Wilson, C. ve Saylan, A. (2010). Users’ evaluations of house façades: Preference, complexity and impressiveness. Open House International, 35(1), 57-65.
  • Al Horr, Y., Arif, M., Kaushik, A.K., Mazroei, A., Katafygiotou, M. ve Elsarrag, E. (2016). Occupant productivity and office indoor environment quality: A review of the literature. Building and Environment, 105, 369-389.
  • Allen, T.J. ve Gerstberger, P.G. (1973). A field experiment to improve communications in a product engineering department: The nonterritorial office. Human Factors 15(5), 487-498.
  • Anjum, N., Paul, J. ve Ashcroft, R. (2005). The changing environment of offices: A challenge for furniture, design. Design Studies 26(1), 73-95.
  • Aries, M.B.C., Veitch, J.A. ve Newsham, G.R. (2010). Windows, view, and office characteristics predict physical and psychological discomfort. Journal of Environmental Psychology 30(4), 533-541.
  • Baker, J. (1986). The role of the environment in marketing services: the consumer perspective. J. A. Cepeil vd. (Ed.), The services challenge: İntegrating for competitive advantage, American Marketing, (s.79-84). Association.
  • Block, L.K. ve Stokes, G.S. (1989). Performance and satisfaction in private versus nonprivate work settings. Environment and Behavior 21(3), 277-297.
  • Brennan, A., Chugh, J. S., ve Kline, T. (2002). Traditional versus Open Office Design: A Longitudinal Field Study. Environment and Behavior 34(3), 279–299
  • Burgess, M.A., Lai, J.C.S., Eisner, M. ve Taylor, E. (1989). Speech privacy in open-plan offices-post occupancy. In Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of the Ergonomics Society of Australia: Ergonomics, Technology and Productivity, 26–29 November, Fortitude Valley, Australia: Ergonomics Society of Australia, 351-354.
  • Cagatay, K., Yildirim, K., Gökbulut, N. ve Subaşı, T. (2017). The effects of interior design in open offices on Employee’s motivation. Mugla Journal of Science and Technology 3 (1), 20-26.
  • Cagatay, K., Hidayetoğlu, M. L. ve Yıldırım, K. (2017). Lise koridor duvarlarında kullanılan renklerin öğrencilerin algısal değerlendirmeleri üzerindeki etkileri. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi 32(2), 466-479.
  • Cangelosi, V. E., & Lemoine, L. F. (1988). Effects of open versus closed physical environment on employee perception and attitude. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 16(1), 71–77.
  • Charles, K.E. ve Veitch, J.A. (2002). Environmental satisfaction in open-plan environments: 2. Effect of workstation size, partition height and windows. Internal Report No. IRC-IR-845, Institute for Research in Construction (IRC), Ottawa, Ont0, Canada.
  • Choi, J.H. ve Moon, J. (2017). Impacts of Human And Spatial Factors on User Satisfaction in Office Environments. Building and Environment (114), 23-35.
  • Cronbach, L.J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika (16), 297-334.
  • Daroff, K. ve Rappoport, J.E. (1992). Elements of A yypical office facility. Rappoport, J.E., Cushman, R.F. and Daroff, K. (Ed.), Office planning and design desk reference. Wiley Inter-Science.
  • Erdogan, E., Akalin, A., Yildirim, K. ve Erdogan, H.A. (2010). Students' evaluations of different architectural styles. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 875-881.
  • Escuyer, S. ve Fontoynont, M. (2001). Lighting controls: A field study of office workers’ reaction. lighting, Research and Technology 33(2), 77-94.
  • Freihoefer, K., Guerin, D., Martin, C., Kim, H.Y. ve Brigham, J.K. (2015). Occupants’ satisfaction with, and physical readings of, thermal, acoustic, and lighting conditions of sustainable office workspaces. Indoor and Built Environment 24(4), 457-472.
  • Hedge, A. (1982). The open-plan office: A systematic investigation of employee reactions to their work environment. Environment and Behavior 14(5), 519-542.
  • Hedge, A. (1986). Open versus enclosed workspaces: The impact of design on employee reactions to their offices. Wineman, J.D. (Ed.), Behavioral Issues in Office Design, (s. 139-176). Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.
  • Imamoglu, V. (1975). Spaciousness of interiors: Its meaning measurement and relationship to some architectural variables. [PhD diss., Department of Architecture and Building Science, University of Strathclyde].
  • Jahncke, H., Hygge, S., Halin, N., Green, A.M. ve Dimberg, K. (2011). Open-plan office noise: Cognitive performance and restoration. Journal of Environmental Psychology 31(4), 373-382.
  • Kaarlela-Tuomaala, A., Helenius, R., Keskinen, E. ve Hongisto, V. (2009). Effects of acoustic environment on work in private office rooms and open-plan offices – longitudinal study during relocation. Ergonomics 52(1), 1423-1444.
  • Kang, S., Ou, D. ve Mak, C.M. (2017). The impact of indoor environmental quality on work productivity in university open-plan research offices. Building and Environment 124, 78-89.
  • Kim, J. ve de Dear, R. (2012). nonlinear relationships between individual IEQ factors and overall workspace satisfaction. Building and Environment, 49, 33-40.
  • Kim, J. ve de Dear, R. (2013). Workspace Satisfaction: The privacy-communication trade-off in open-plan offices. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 36, 18-26.
  • Kim, J., de Dear, R., Candido, C., Zhang, H. ve Arens, E. (2013). Gender differences in office occupant perception of indoor environmental quality (IEQ). Building and Environment, 70, 245-256.
  • Kożusznik, M.W., Peiró, J.M., Soriano, A. ve Escudero, M.N. (2017). Out of sight, out of mind? the role of physical stressors, cognitive appraisal, and positive emotions in employees’ health. Environment and Behavior, 50(1), 86-115.
  • Li, D.H.W. ve Lam, J.C. (2001). Evaluation of lighting performance in office buildings with daylighting controls. Energy and Buildings, 33(8), 793-803.
  • Liebl, A., Haller, J., Jödicke, B., Baumgartner, H., Schlittmeier, S. ve Hellbrück, J. (2012). Combined effects of acoustic and visual distraction on cognitive performance and well-being. Applied Ergonomics, 43(2), 424-434.
  • Mak, C.M. ve Lui, Y.P. (2012). The effect of sound on office productivity. Building Services Engineering Research and Technology, 33(3), 339-345.
  • Markus, T.A. (1967). The function of windows: A reappraisal. Building Science, 2(2), 97-121.
  • Mercer, A. (1979). Office environments and clerical behaviour. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 6(1), 29-39.
  • Mital, A., McGlothlin, J.D. ve Faard, H.F. (1992). Noise in multiple-workstation open-plan computer rooms: measurements and annoyance. Journal of Human Ergology, 21(1), 69-82.
  • Mulville, M., Callaghan, N. ve Isaac, D. (2016). The impact of the ambient environment and building configuration on occupant productivity in open-plan commercial offices. Journal of Corporate Real Estate, 18(3), 180-193.
  • Oldham, G.R. (1988). Effects of changes in workspace partitions and spatial density on employee reactions: A quasi-experiment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 73(2), 253-258.
  • Oldham, G.R. ve Brass, D.J. (1979). Employee reactions to an open-plan office: a naturally occurring quasi-experiment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24(2), 267-284.
  • Oldham, G.R. and Rotchford, N.L. (1983). Relationships between office characteristics and employee reactions: a study of the physical environment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 28(4), 542-556.
  • Panayides, P. (2013). Coefficient alpha: interpret with caution. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 9(4), 687-696.
  • Pejtersen, J., Allermann, L., Kristensen, T.S. ve Poulsen, O.M. (2006). Indoor climate, psychosocial work environment and symptoms in open‐plan offices. Indoor Air, 16(5), 392-401.
  • Rasila, H. ve Jylhä, T. (2015). The many faces of office noise–case contact center. Facilities 33(7/8), 454-464.
  • Schweizer, C., Edwards, R.D., Bayer-Oglesby, L., Gauderman, W.J., Ilacqua, V., Jantunen, M.J., vd. (2007). Indoor time-microenvironment-activity patterns in seven regions of Europe. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (17), 170-181.
  • Stone, N.J. (2001). Designing effective study environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21(2), 179-190.
  • Sundstrom, E. (1986). Work places: The psychology of the physical environment in offices and factories. Cambridge University Press.
  • Sundstrom, E., Burt, R.E. ve Kamp, D. (1980). Privacy at work: Architectural correlates of job satisfaction and job performance. Academy of Management Journal, 23(1), 101-117.
  • Sundstrom, E., Herbert, R.K. ve Brown, D.W. (1982a). Privacy and communication in an open-plan office. Environment and Behavior, 14(3), 379-392.
  • Sundstrom, E., Town, J.P., Brown, D.W., Forman, A. ve McGee, C. (1982b). Physical enclosure, type of job, and privacy in the office. Environment and Behavior, 14(5), 543-559.
  • Sundstrom, E., Town, J.P., Rice, R.W., Osborn, D.P. and Brill, M. (1994). Office noise, satisfaction, and performance. Environment and Behavior, 26(2), 195-222.
  • Veitch, J.A., Newsham, G.R., Boyce, P.R. ve Jones, C.C. (2008). Lighting appraisal, well-being and performance in open-plan office: A linked mechanisms approach. Lighting Research and Technology, 40(2), 133-151.
  • Virjonen, P., Keränen, J., Helenius, R., Hakala, J. ve Hongisto, O.V. (2007). Speech privacy between neighboring workstations in an open office-a laboratory study. Acta Acustica United with Acustica, 93(5), 771-782.
  • Vischer, J.C. (1989). Environmental quality in offices. Van Nostrand Reinhold.
  • Wineman, J.D., (Ed.) (1986). Behavioral issues in office design. Van Nostrand Reinhold.
  • Yildirim, K., Akalin-Baskaya, A. ve Celebi, M. (2007a). The effects of window proximity, partition height, and gender on perceptions of open-plan offices. Journal of Environmental Psychology 27(2), 154-165.
  • Yildirim, K., Akalin-Baskaya, A. ve Hidayetoglu, M.L. (2007b). Effects of indoor color on mood and cognitive performance. Building and Environment, 42(9), 3233-3240.
  • Yıldırım, K., Hidayetoğlu, M. L. ve Şen, A. (2007c). Farklı mimari biçimlerdeki kafe/pastane mekânlarının kullanıcıların algı-davranışsal performansı üzerine etkisi. Politeknik Dergisi, 10(3), 295-301.
  • Yıldırım, K. ve Akalın, A. (2009). Problems related to the dimensions of curved areas in the main living rooms of apartment housing. Journal of Architectural and Planning Research, 26(1), 70-87.
  • Yildirim, K., Capanoğlu, A. ve Cagatay, K. (2011a). The effects of physical environmental factors on students’ perceptions in computer classrooms. Indoor and Built Environment, 20(5), 501-510.
  • Yildirim, K., Hidayetoglu, M.L. ve Capanoglu, A. (2011b). Effects of interior colors on mood and preference: comparisons of two living rooms. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 112(2), 509-524.
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There are 65 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Interior Architecture
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Kemal Yıldırım 0000-0001-5447-1201

Nur Paçacı Kılcı 0000-0001-8644-5104

Burak Kılcı 0000-0002-3400-2499

Publication Date December 31, 2022
Submission Date September 29, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yıldırım, K., Paçacı Kılcı, N., & Kılcı, B. (2022). Açık Ofislerde İş İstasyonu Bölücü Panel Yüksekliklerinin Çalışanların Algısal Değerlendirmelerine Etkisi. Modular Journal, 5(2), 176-190.
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