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The Effect of Vermiculite Usage on Surface Properties of Medium Density Fibreboard

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 4, 607 - 612, 31.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.636387

Öz

In
this study, the effects of vermiculite of volcanic minerals usage on the
surface properties were investigated in medium density fiberboard (MDF)
production. The test boards were produced using the dry method with 12% urea
formaldehyde resin. Additions of 10%, 15%, 20% and 30% vermiculite were used
based on the full dry fiber weight. Surface roughness, color and gloss values
of both surfaces of the obtained boards were determined. Based on the results,
the ratio of vermiculite increased, roughness values on the surfaces increased.
The roughness values in the bottom surface of the produced boards were
determined to be higher than the top surface. With the use of 30% vermiculite,
the average minimum surface roughness (Ra) was found to be 8.65 μm on the upper
surfaces and 15.44 μm on the lower surfaces. It has been found that total color
change and brightness are improved by the increase of vermiculite usage and the
color change on the bottom surface is found higher. In short, the use of
vermiculite in the production of MDF negatively affects the surface roughness
and discoloration of the boards, but it has been found to positively affect the
gloss

Kaynakça

  • Aksogan, O., Resatoglu, R. and Binici, H. (2018). An Environment Friendly New Insulation Material Involving Waste Newsprint Papers Reinforced by Cane Stalks. Journal of Building Engineering, 15, 33-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2017.10.011
  • Atar M (2006). Melamin Reçineli Kağıtla Kaplanmış Yonga Levhanın Çeşitli Malzeme ve Tutkallarla Yüz Yüze Yapışma Direnci. Politeknik Dergisi, 9(4), 319-324.
  • Ayrilmis, N., Korkut, S., Tanritanir, E., Winandy, J.E., Hiziroglu, S., (2006). Effect of various fire retardants on surface roughness of plywood. J. Build. Environ. 41 (7), 887–892. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.04.011
  • Ayrilmis, N. (2007). Effect of Fire Retardants on Internal Bond Strength and Bond Durability of Structural Fiberboard.” Building and Environment, 42(3), 1200-1206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.11.017
  • Ayrilmis, N., Candan, Z., and White, R. (2007). Physical, Mechanical, and Fire Properties of Oriented Strandboard with Fire Retardant Treated Veneers. Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff, 65(6), 449-458. 10.1007/s00107-007-0195-3
  • Ayrilmis, N., Kartal, S. N., Laufenberg, T. L., Winandy, J. E. and White, R. H. (2005). Physical and Mechanical Properties and Fire, Decay, and Termite Resistance of Treated Oriented Strand Board. Forest Products Journal. 55(5), 74–81.
  • Binici, H. (2016). Atık Mukavva, Alçı, Pomza, Perlit, Vermikülit ve Zeolit ile Yapılan Kompozitlerin Yangın Direncinin Araştırılması. Çukurova Üniversitesi MühendislikMimarlıkFakültesiDergisi,31(1),1-10. https://doi.org/10.21605/cukurovaummfd.317714
  • Binici, H., Sevinç, A. H., Mustafa, E. and Velit, E. (2015). Atık Gazete Kağıdından Yalıtım Malzemesi Üretimi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(2), 13-24. https://doi.org/10.21605/cukurovaummfd.242772
  • Burdurlu, E., Usta, İ., Ulupınar, M., Aksu, B. and Erarslan, T.Ç. (2005). The Effect of the Number of Blades and the Grain Size of Abrasives in Planing and Sanding on the Surface Roughness of European Black Pine and Lombardy Poplar. Turk J Agric. 29 (1), 315-321.
  • Crawford, R., Smalley, M. V., & Thomas, R. K. (1990). Swelling of N-Butylammonium Vermiculite in Water. Clays and Clay Minerals, 38(1), 90-96.
  • Dix, B. (1997). Influence of Heardwood and The Age of Tree on The Properties of Particleboards from Pine (Pinus sylvestris). Part 2: Physical–Technical Properties and Formaldehyde Release of Particleboards Made from Sapwood and Heardwood of Pine. Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff, 55 (2), 103–109.
  • Dündar, T., As, N., Korkut, S., Unsal, Ö., (2008). The Effect of Boiling Time On the Surface Roughness of Rotary-Cut Veneers from Oriental Beech (Fagus orientalis L.), J. Mater. Process. Tech., 199, 119-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.07.036
  • Hall, H. J., Gertjejansen, R. O., Schmidt, E. L., Carll, C. G. and DeGroot, R. C. (1982). Preservative Treatment Effects on Mechanical and Thickness Swelling Properties of Aspen Waferboard. Forest Prod. J, 32(11-12), 19-26.
  • Hasmin, R., Murphy, R.J., Dickinson, D.J., Dinwoodie, J.M., (1994). The mechanical properties of boards treated with vapor boron, Forest Prod. J. 44 (10).
  • Hiziroglu, S. (1996). Surface Roughness Analysis of Wood Composites. A Stylus Method. Forest Products Journal, 46 (7/8), 67-72.
  • ISO 7724-2 (1984). Paints and varnishes-Colorimetry- Part 2: Color measurement, ISO Standart
  • ISO 2813 (1994). Paints and varnishes- Determination of specular gloss of non-metallic paint films at 20 degrees, 60 degrees and 85 degrees
  • ISO 4287 (1997). Geometrical Product Specifications Surface Texture Profile Method Terms. Definitions and Surface Texture Parameters, International Standart Organization.
  • İstek A., Muğla K, and Yazıcı, H. (2015). Mobilya Üretiminde Kullanılan Ticari Mdf Levhaların Özellikleri. Selçuk-Teknik Dergisi, 14(2), 333-343.
  • İstek, A and Özlüsoylu, İ. (2016). “The Effect of Using Siriono and Boric Acid on the Combustion Performance in Particleboard Production” International Forestry Symposium (IFS 2016) December 7-10, 2016, Kastamonu, Turkey, pp.1012-1019.
  • İstek, A. Aydemir, D. and Eroglu, H. (2013). Combustion Properties of Medium Density Fiberboard Coated by a Mixture of Calcite and Various Fire Retardants. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 37(5), 642-648.
  • İstek, A. Aydemir, D. Eroğlu, H. (2012). Surface Properties of Mdf Coated with Calcite/Clay and Effects of Fire Retardants on These Properties. Maderas Ciencia Tecnología. 14(2), 135-144. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-221X2012000200001
  • İstek, A., Aydemir, D. and Aksu, S. (2010). The Effect of Decor Paper and Resin Type On the Physical, Mechanical, and Surface Quality Properties of Particleboards Coated with Impregnated Decor Papers. BioResources 5(2): 1074-1083.
  • İstek, A., Özlüsoylu, İ. and Kızılkaya, A. (2017a). Turkish Wood Based Panels Sector Analysis. Journal of Bartin Faculty of Forestry, 19(1), 132-138
  • İstek, A., Özlüsoylu, İ., Çelik, S. and Gönül, Ş. (2017b). Ahşap Esasli Levha Sektöründe Kullanilan Yanma Geciktiriciler. İleri Teknoloji Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(3), 389-399.
  • İstek, A., Yalcınkaya, G. and Özlüsoylu İ. (2017c). The Effect of Some Boron Compounds on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Particle Board, International Conference on Agriculture, Forest, Food Sciences and Technologies. Nevşehir, Turkey, May 15-17,2017, pp.526.
  • İstek, A., Yalcınkaya, G. and Özlüsoylu, İ. (2017d). The Effect of Some Boron Compounds on Combustion Properties of Particle Boards, International Conference on Agriculture, Forest, Food Sciences and Technologies. Nevşehir, Turkey, May 15-17,2017, pp.528.
  • Kılıc, M., Burdurlu, E., Aslan S., Altun, S. and Tumerdem, Ö. (2009). The Effect of Surface Roughness on Tensile Strength of the Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) Overlaid with Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC). Materials and Design. 30 (1), 4580–4583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2009.03.029
  • Kim JI, Park JY, Kong YT, Lee BH, Kim H.J. and Roh JK. (2002). Performance on Flame- Retardant Polyurethane Coatings for Wood and Wood-Based Materials. J Korean Wood Sci Technol.30, 172–9.
  • Koch, P. (1972). Utilization of Hardwoods growing on southern Pine Sites, United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Agriculture Handbook, No. 605.
  • Kozlowski, R., Mieleniak, B., Helwig, M. and Przepiera, A. (1999). Flame Resistant Lignocellulosic-Mineral Composite Particleboards. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 64(3), 523-528. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-3910(98)00145-1
  • Krzysik, A. M., Muehl, J. H., Youngquist, J. A., & Franca, F. S. (2001). Medium Density Fiberboard Made from Eucalyptus saligna. Forest products journal. Vol. 51, no. 10, 47-50.
  • Maloney, T. (1993). Modern Particleboard and Dry-Process Fiberboard Manufacturing. Miller Freeman Publishing Inc., San Francisco, CA.
  • Nemli G (2003). Sentetik Laminat Endüstrisi. KTÜ Orman Fakültesi Yayınları. Ders Teksirleri Serisi No: 71, Trabzon, 110 s.
  • Nemli, G., Aydin, I. and Zekoviç, E. (2007). Evaluation of Some of the Properties of Particleboard as Function of Manufacturing Parameters, Materials and Design 28 (4), 1169- 1176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2006.01.015
  • Nguyen, A. N., Reinert, L., Lévêque, J. M., Beziat, A., Dehaudt, P., Juliaa, J. F. and Duclaux, L. (2013). Preparation and Characterization of Micron and Submicron-Sized Vermiculite Powders by Ultrasonic Irradiation, Appl. Clay Sci. 72, 9-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2012.12.007
  • Özdemir, F. (2016). Orta Yoğunluklu Lif Levhanın (MDF) Yüzey Pürüzlülüğü Üzerine Isıl İşlemin Etkisi. Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Journal of Engineering Sciences, 19(3), 57-61.
  • Özdemir, F. and Tutus, A. (2013). Effects of Fire Retardants on The Combustion Behavior of Highdensity Fiberboard. BioResources, 8(2), 1665-1674.
  • Peker, H. and Atılgan, A. (2015). Doğal Bir Enerji Kaynağı Odun: Yanma Özelliği ve Koruma Yöntemleri. Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Science & Engineering, 15(2), 1-12. 10.5578/fmbd.9553
  • Peters, C. and Mergen, A. (1971). Measuring Wood Surface Smoothness. A Proposed Method. Forest Products Journal. 21(6), 27-30.
  • Seo, H. J., Kim, S., Huh, W., Park, K. W., Lee, D. R., Son, D. W. and Kim, Y. S. (2016). Enhancing the Flame-Retardant Performance of Wood-Based Materials Using Carbon-Based Materials. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 123(3), 1935-1942. 10.1007/s10973-015-4553-9
  • Simsek, H., Baysal, E., Yilmaz, M. and Culha, F. (2013). Some Mechanical Properties of Wood Impregnated with Environmentally-Friendly Boron and Copper Based Chemicals.” Wood Research, 58(3), 495-504.
  • Suvorov, S. A., and Skurikhin, V. V. (2003). Vermiculite- A Promising Material for High Temperature Heat Insulators, Refract. Ind. Ceram+. 44(3), 186-193.
  • Taghiyari, H. R., Rangavar, H. and Nouri, P. (2013). Fire-Retarding Properties of Nanowollastonite in MDF. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 71(5), 573-581. 10.1007/s00107-013-0711-6
  • Toksoy, F. (1997). Vermikülit: Mineraloji, Jeolojik Oluşum, Endüstriyel Kullanım ve Türkiye’deki durumu. 2. Endüstriyel Hammaddeler Sempozyumu, İzmir, Turkey, October 16-1, 1997, pp.123-139
  • Ustaömer, D, Usta, M, ve Boran, S. (2006). Bazı Borlu Bileşiklerle Muamele Edilerek Üretilmiş Liflevhaların Spektrofotometrik Yöntemle Renk Değişimlerinin Belirlenmesi, III. Uluslararası Bor Sempozyumu, Ankara.
  • Ustaömer, D, Usta, M. ve Hızıroğlu, S, (2008). Effect of Boron Treatment on Surface Characteristics of Medium Density Fiberboard(MDF), Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 199, 1, 440-444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.06.078
  • Ustaömer, D. (2008). Çeşitli Yanmayı Geciktirici Kimyasal Maddelerle Muamele Edilerek Üretilmiş Orta Yoğunluktaki Liflevhaların (Mdf) Özelliklerindeki Değişimlerin Belirlenmesi, Doktora Tezi, KTÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 244 s. Trabzon.
  • Wang, F., Gao, Z., Zheng, M., & Sun, J. (2016). Thermal Degradation and Fire Performance of Plywood Treated with Expanded Vermiculite. Fire and Materials, 40(3), 427-433. https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.2297
  • Wang, J., Wang, F., Gao, Z., Zheng, M. and Sun, J. (2016). Flame Retardant Medium-Density Fiberboard with Expanded Vermiculite. BioResources, 11(3), 6940-6947.
  • Winandy JE (1998). Techline, Properties and Use of Wood, Composites, and Fiber Products, Durability of Fire-Retardant-Treated Wood, US Department of Agriculture, vol 5, issued 01.
  • Winandy J.E, Lebow P.K., Murphy J.F. (2002). Predicting Current Serviceability and Residual Service Life of Plywood Roof Sheathing Using Kinetics-Based Models. In: Proceedings of the 9th Durability of Building Materials and Components Conference, Brisbane, p.7
Yıl 2019, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 4, 607 - 612, 31.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.636387

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Aksogan, O., Resatoglu, R. and Binici, H. (2018). An Environment Friendly New Insulation Material Involving Waste Newsprint Papers Reinforced by Cane Stalks. Journal of Building Engineering, 15, 33-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2017.10.011
  • Atar M (2006). Melamin Reçineli Kağıtla Kaplanmış Yonga Levhanın Çeşitli Malzeme ve Tutkallarla Yüz Yüze Yapışma Direnci. Politeknik Dergisi, 9(4), 319-324.
  • Ayrilmis, N., Korkut, S., Tanritanir, E., Winandy, J.E., Hiziroglu, S., (2006). Effect of various fire retardants on surface roughness of plywood. J. Build. Environ. 41 (7), 887–892. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.04.011
  • Ayrilmis, N. (2007). Effect of Fire Retardants on Internal Bond Strength and Bond Durability of Structural Fiberboard.” Building and Environment, 42(3), 1200-1206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.11.017
  • Ayrilmis, N., Candan, Z., and White, R. (2007). Physical, Mechanical, and Fire Properties of Oriented Strandboard with Fire Retardant Treated Veneers. Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff, 65(6), 449-458. 10.1007/s00107-007-0195-3
  • Ayrilmis, N., Kartal, S. N., Laufenberg, T. L., Winandy, J. E. and White, R. H. (2005). Physical and Mechanical Properties and Fire, Decay, and Termite Resistance of Treated Oriented Strand Board. Forest Products Journal. 55(5), 74–81.
  • Binici, H. (2016). Atık Mukavva, Alçı, Pomza, Perlit, Vermikülit ve Zeolit ile Yapılan Kompozitlerin Yangın Direncinin Araştırılması. Çukurova Üniversitesi MühendislikMimarlıkFakültesiDergisi,31(1),1-10. https://doi.org/10.21605/cukurovaummfd.317714
  • Binici, H., Sevinç, A. H., Mustafa, E. and Velit, E. (2015). Atık Gazete Kağıdından Yalıtım Malzemesi Üretimi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(2), 13-24. https://doi.org/10.21605/cukurovaummfd.242772
  • Burdurlu, E., Usta, İ., Ulupınar, M., Aksu, B. and Erarslan, T.Ç. (2005). The Effect of the Number of Blades and the Grain Size of Abrasives in Planing and Sanding on the Surface Roughness of European Black Pine and Lombardy Poplar. Turk J Agric. 29 (1), 315-321.
  • Crawford, R., Smalley, M. V., & Thomas, R. K. (1990). Swelling of N-Butylammonium Vermiculite in Water. Clays and Clay Minerals, 38(1), 90-96.
  • Dix, B. (1997). Influence of Heardwood and The Age of Tree on The Properties of Particleboards from Pine (Pinus sylvestris). Part 2: Physical–Technical Properties and Formaldehyde Release of Particleboards Made from Sapwood and Heardwood of Pine. Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff, 55 (2), 103–109.
  • Dündar, T., As, N., Korkut, S., Unsal, Ö., (2008). The Effect of Boiling Time On the Surface Roughness of Rotary-Cut Veneers from Oriental Beech (Fagus orientalis L.), J. Mater. Process. Tech., 199, 119-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.07.036
  • Hall, H. J., Gertjejansen, R. O., Schmidt, E. L., Carll, C. G. and DeGroot, R. C. (1982). Preservative Treatment Effects on Mechanical and Thickness Swelling Properties of Aspen Waferboard. Forest Prod. J, 32(11-12), 19-26.
  • Hasmin, R., Murphy, R.J., Dickinson, D.J., Dinwoodie, J.M., (1994). The mechanical properties of boards treated with vapor boron, Forest Prod. J. 44 (10).
  • Hiziroglu, S. (1996). Surface Roughness Analysis of Wood Composites. A Stylus Method. Forest Products Journal, 46 (7/8), 67-72.
  • ISO 7724-2 (1984). Paints and varnishes-Colorimetry- Part 2: Color measurement, ISO Standart
  • ISO 2813 (1994). Paints and varnishes- Determination of specular gloss of non-metallic paint films at 20 degrees, 60 degrees and 85 degrees
  • ISO 4287 (1997). Geometrical Product Specifications Surface Texture Profile Method Terms. Definitions and Surface Texture Parameters, International Standart Organization.
  • İstek A., Muğla K, and Yazıcı, H. (2015). Mobilya Üretiminde Kullanılan Ticari Mdf Levhaların Özellikleri. Selçuk-Teknik Dergisi, 14(2), 333-343.
  • İstek, A and Özlüsoylu, İ. (2016). “The Effect of Using Siriono and Boric Acid on the Combustion Performance in Particleboard Production” International Forestry Symposium (IFS 2016) December 7-10, 2016, Kastamonu, Turkey, pp.1012-1019.
  • İstek, A. Aydemir, D. and Eroglu, H. (2013). Combustion Properties of Medium Density Fiberboard Coated by a Mixture of Calcite and Various Fire Retardants. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 37(5), 642-648.
  • İstek, A. Aydemir, D. Eroğlu, H. (2012). Surface Properties of Mdf Coated with Calcite/Clay and Effects of Fire Retardants on These Properties. Maderas Ciencia Tecnología. 14(2), 135-144. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-221X2012000200001
  • İstek, A., Aydemir, D. and Aksu, S. (2010). The Effect of Decor Paper and Resin Type On the Physical, Mechanical, and Surface Quality Properties of Particleboards Coated with Impregnated Decor Papers. BioResources 5(2): 1074-1083.
  • İstek, A., Özlüsoylu, İ. and Kızılkaya, A. (2017a). Turkish Wood Based Panels Sector Analysis. Journal of Bartin Faculty of Forestry, 19(1), 132-138
  • İstek, A., Özlüsoylu, İ., Çelik, S. and Gönül, Ş. (2017b). Ahşap Esasli Levha Sektöründe Kullanilan Yanma Geciktiriciler. İleri Teknoloji Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(3), 389-399.
  • İstek, A., Yalcınkaya, G. and Özlüsoylu İ. (2017c). The Effect of Some Boron Compounds on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Particle Board, International Conference on Agriculture, Forest, Food Sciences and Technologies. Nevşehir, Turkey, May 15-17,2017, pp.526.
  • İstek, A., Yalcınkaya, G. and Özlüsoylu, İ. (2017d). The Effect of Some Boron Compounds on Combustion Properties of Particle Boards, International Conference on Agriculture, Forest, Food Sciences and Technologies. Nevşehir, Turkey, May 15-17,2017, pp.528.
  • Kılıc, M., Burdurlu, E., Aslan S., Altun, S. and Tumerdem, Ö. (2009). The Effect of Surface Roughness on Tensile Strength of the Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) Overlaid with Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC). Materials and Design. 30 (1), 4580–4583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2009.03.029
  • Kim JI, Park JY, Kong YT, Lee BH, Kim H.J. and Roh JK. (2002). Performance on Flame- Retardant Polyurethane Coatings for Wood and Wood-Based Materials. J Korean Wood Sci Technol.30, 172–9.
  • Koch, P. (1972). Utilization of Hardwoods growing on southern Pine Sites, United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Agriculture Handbook, No. 605.
  • Kozlowski, R., Mieleniak, B., Helwig, M. and Przepiera, A. (1999). Flame Resistant Lignocellulosic-Mineral Composite Particleboards. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 64(3), 523-528. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-3910(98)00145-1
  • Krzysik, A. M., Muehl, J. H., Youngquist, J. A., & Franca, F. S. (2001). Medium Density Fiberboard Made from Eucalyptus saligna. Forest products journal. Vol. 51, no. 10, 47-50.
  • Maloney, T. (1993). Modern Particleboard and Dry-Process Fiberboard Manufacturing. Miller Freeman Publishing Inc., San Francisco, CA.
  • Nemli G (2003). Sentetik Laminat Endüstrisi. KTÜ Orman Fakültesi Yayınları. Ders Teksirleri Serisi No: 71, Trabzon, 110 s.
  • Nemli, G., Aydin, I. and Zekoviç, E. (2007). Evaluation of Some of the Properties of Particleboard as Function of Manufacturing Parameters, Materials and Design 28 (4), 1169- 1176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2006.01.015
  • Nguyen, A. N., Reinert, L., Lévêque, J. M., Beziat, A., Dehaudt, P., Juliaa, J. F. and Duclaux, L. (2013). Preparation and Characterization of Micron and Submicron-Sized Vermiculite Powders by Ultrasonic Irradiation, Appl. Clay Sci. 72, 9-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2012.12.007
  • Özdemir, F. (2016). Orta Yoğunluklu Lif Levhanın (MDF) Yüzey Pürüzlülüğü Üzerine Isıl İşlemin Etkisi. Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Journal of Engineering Sciences, 19(3), 57-61.
  • Özdemir, F. and Tutus, A. (2013). Effects of Fire Retardants on The Combustion Behavior of Highdensity Fiberboard. BioResources, 8(2), 1665-1674.
  • Peker, H. and Atılgan, A. (2015). Doğal Bir Enerji Kaynağı Odun: Yanma Özelliği ve Koruma Yöntemleri. Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Science & Engineering, 15(2), 1-12. 10.5578/fmbd.9553
  • Peters, C. and Mergen, A. (1971). Measuring Wood Surface Smoothness. A Proposed Method. Forest Products Journal. 21(6), 27-30.
  • Seo, H. J., Kim, S., Huh, W., Park, K. W., Lee, D. R., Son, D. W. and Kim, Y. S. (2016). Enhancing the Flame-Retardant Performance of Wood-Based Materials Using Carbon-Based Materials. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 123(3), 1935-1942. 10.1007/s10973-015-4553-9
  • Simsek, H., Baysal, E., Yilmaz, M. and Culha, F. (2013). Some Mechanical Properties of Wood Impregnated with Environmentally-Friendly Boron and Copper Based Chemicals.” Wood Research, 58(3), 495-504.
  • Suvorov, S. A., and Skurikhin, V. V. (2003). Vermiculite- A Promising Material for High Temperature Heat Insulators, Refract. Ind. Ceram+. 44(3), 186-193.
  • Taghiyari, H. R., Rangavar, H. and Nouri, P. (2013). Fire-Retarding Properties of Nanowollastonite in MDF. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 71(5), 573-581. 10.1007/s00107-013-0711-6
  • Toksoy, F. (1997). Vermikülit: Mineraloji, Jeolojik Oluşum, Endüstriyel Kullanım ve Türkiye’deki durumu. 2. Endüstriyel Hammaddeler Sempozyumu, İzmir, Turkey, October 16-1, 1997, pp.123-139
  • Ustaömer, D, Usta, M, ve Boran, S. (2006). Bazı Borlu Bileşiklerle Muamele Edilerek Üretilmiş Liflevhaların Spektrofotometrik Yöntemle Renk Değişimlerinin Belirlenmesi, III. Uluslararası Bor Sempozyumu, Ankara.
  • Ustaömer, D, Usta, M. ve Hızıroğlu, S, (2008). Effect of Boron Treatment on Surface Characteristics of Medium Density Fiberboard(MDF), Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 199, 1, 440-444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.06.078
  • Ustaömer, D. (2008). Çeşitli Yanmayı Geciktirici Kimyasal Maddelerle Muamele Edilerek Üretilmiş Orta Yoğunluktaki Liflevhaların (Mdf) Özelliklerindeki Değişimlerin Belirlenmesi, Doktora Tezi, KTÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 244 s. Trabzon.
  • Wang, F., Gao, Z., Zheng, M., & Sun, J. (2016). Thermal Degradation and Fire Performance of Plywood Treated with Expanded Vermiculite. Fire and Materials, 40(3), 427-433. https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.2297
  • Wang, J., Wang, F., Gao, Z., Zheng, M. and Sun, J. (2016). Flame Retardant Medium-Density Fiberboard with Expanded Vermiculite. BioResources, 11(3), 6940-6947.
  • Winandy JE (1998). Techline, Properties and Use of Wood, Composites, and Fiber Products, Durability of Fire-Retardant-Treated Wood, US Department of Agriculture, vol 5, issued 01.
  • Winandy J.E, Lebow P.K., Murphy J.F. (2002). Predicting Current Serviceability and Residual Service Life of Plywood Roof Sheathing Using Kinetics-Based Models. In: Proceedings of the 9th Durability of Building Materials and Components Conference, Brisbane, p.7
Toplam 52 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Abdullah İstek 0000-0002-3357-9245

İsmail Özlüsoylu Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-0391-4794

Ahmet Can 0000-0001-5926-6039

Saadettin Murat Onat 0000-0003-1749-0619

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2019
Gönderilme Tarihi 22 Ekim 2019
Kabul Tarihi 3 Aralık 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA İstek, A., Özlüsoylu, İ., Can, A., Onat, S. M. (2019). The Effect of Vermiculite Usage on Surface Properties of Medium Density Fibreboard. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 4(4), 607-612. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.636387


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