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The Anastasian Military Decree from Perge in Pamphylia: Revised 2nd Edition

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 14, 133 - 212, 15.05.2017
https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.318456

Öz

This article
contains a revised version of the inscription from Perge containing a military decree
of Anastasius I. The fragments of this inscription were unearthed in 1974
during excavations at Perge. The inscription was discovered in about 850
fragments in an area to the south of northern fountain on the southern slopes
of the acropolis. Today these fragments are preserved in the storage rooms of
the Museum of Antalya. It contains an imperial
sermo, an enactment of a magister
militum
, both translated from Latin into Greek, and a notitia
concerning the number of soldiers in a
legio and their respective
salaries in kind and in cash.

The main
issue addressed in the inscription concerns the soldiers in a
legio and that
they have been deprived of their customary payments and retirement bounties on
account of corruption and the sale of posts within the unit and its constituent
scholae. In particular, that the names of the deceased or of missing
soldiers had not been removed from the regimental records or their positions had
been filled by unqualified or ineligible men who had obtained these posts
through either bribery or influence. Accordingly, this edict aims to impose
measures against these corrupt practices. Anastasius orders that the actual
numbers of soldiers holding each grade in the
legio should be
investigated and any shortfall was to be rectified and it was to be maintained
at a full complement in accordance with the schedule of grades and
annonae
provided.





On the
basis of research on Text C, it seems that the total number of men listed in
the schedule is no less than 1550-1600. The titles included in the list are
tribunus numeri, tribunus minor, ordinarii,
augustales (1), augustales alii (2), augustales alii (3), flaviales (1),
flaviales alii (2), signiferi, optiones, veredarii (1), veredarii alii (2),
vexillarii, imaginiferi, librarii, mensores, tubicines, cornicines,
bucinatores, praeco, armaturae duplares, beneficiarii, torquati semissales,
bracchiati semissales, armaturae semissales, munifices, clerici
and deputati. Additionaly, there are also some other
titles/grades/posts mentioned in the text A and B as follow:
principia, draconarii, magister draconum and
campidoctor. Even though some parts of the inscription are today
missing, the surviving text contains valuable information in respect to later
Roman history, the army, the legal system, and for linguistics.

Kaynakça

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  • S. Barnish – A. D. Lee – M. Whitby, Government and Administration (Chapter 7), in: A. Cameron – B. Ward-Perkins – M. Whitby (edd.), CAH XIV2. Late Antiquity: Empire and Successors, A. D. 425-600, Cambridge 2000, 164-206.
  • G. E. Bean – T. B. Mitford, Journeys in Rough Cilicia 1964-1968 (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Phil.-hist. Kl., Denkschriften102), Vienna 1970.
  • A. Blanchard, Sigles et Abréviations Dans les Papyrus Documentaires Grecs: Recherche de Paléographie, London 1974.
  • H. Brandt, Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft Pamphyliens und Pisidiens im Altertum (Asia Minor Studien 7), Bonn 1992.
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  • J. P. Callu, Le tarif d'Abydus et la réforme monétaire d'Anastase, in: T. Hackens – R. Weiller (edd.), Proceedings of the 9th International Congress of Numismatics, Berne September 1979, Luxemburg 1982, 731-740.
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Pamphylia-Perge’de Bulunmuş I. Anastasios Dönemi'ne Ait Ordu Fermanı: Gözden Geçirilmiş İkinci Edisyon

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 14, 133 - 212, 15.05.2017
https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.318456

Öz

Bu makalede, Perge’de bulunmuş olan İmparator I.
Anastasios’un (İ.S. 491-518) ordu ile ilgili fermanını içeren yazıtın revize
edilmiş ikinci edisyonu yayımlanmaktadır. Bu yazıtın parçaları Perge’de 1974
yılı kazılarında gün yüzüne çıkarılmıştır. Akropolis tepesinin güneyindeki
kuzey çeşmesinin güneyinde yak. 850 parça olarak çıkarılan yazıt Antalya
Arkeoloji Müzesi’nde korunmaktadır. Yazıt, her ikisi de Latince’den Yunanca’ya
çevrilmiş olan Anastasios’a ait bir imparatorluk fermanı ve
magister militum’un emirnamesi ile
birlikte bir lejyondaki askerlerin unvan/rütbe sınıflarına göre sayıları,
aldıkları ayni ve nakdi maaşlarını içeren bir çizelge olmak üzere üç kısımdan
oluşmaktadır.

Yazıtta değinilen ana konu bir lejyondaki askerler ve bu
askerlerin, bulundukları birimleri ve
schola’larında
gerçekleşen yozlaşmalar ve mevki satışı nedeniyle geleneksel ödemelerden,
emeklilik ikramiyelerinden mahrum bırakılışlarıdır. Ayrıca, ölmüş ya da kayıp
statüsündeki askerlerin isimlerinin birim kayıtlarından çıkarılmadığı ve
bunların kadrolarının rüşvet ya da torpille gelen niteliksiz ve yetersiz
kimselerce doldurulduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Buna uygun şekilde ferman bu yoz
uygulamalara karşı önlemler getirmektedir. Anastasios lejyon içerisinde her bir
unvan/rütbe grubundaki asker sayılarının takip edilmesini ve bu sayıların
belirtilen miktarda tutularak, birimin gerçek asker sayısının her zaman tam
olmasını emretmektedir.





C lehvasındaki listeye göre, ilgili lejyondaki
askerlerin toplam sayısı 1550-1600’den aşağı değildir. Listede içerilen
unvan/rütbe adları şu şekildedir:
tribunus numeri, tribunus minor, ordinarii, augustales
(1), augustales alii (2), augustales alii (3), flaviales (1), flaviales alii
(2), signiferi, optiones, veredarii (1), veredarii alii (2), vexillarii,
imaginiferi, librarii, mensores, tubicines, cornicines, bucinatores, praeco,
armaturae duplares, beneficiarii, torquati semissales, bracchiati semissales,
armaturae semissales, munifices, clerici
ve deputati. Ayrıca Levha A ve B’deki metinlerde principia, draconarii, magister draconum ve campidoctor anılmaktadır. Yazıtın bazı
kısımları eksik olsa da, mevcut metin Roma tarihi, ordusu, hukuk sistemi ve
dilbilimsel açıdan önemli veriler içermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • M. Amelotti – L. M. Zingale (eds.), Le Costituzioni giustinianee nei papiri e nelle epigrafi (Legum Iustiniani Imperatoris Vocabularium Subsidia I), Milano 21985.
  • M. Avi-Yonah, Abbreviations in Greek Inscriptions (the Near East, 200 B.C.-A.D. 1100), Jerusalem – London 1940.
  • M. Ballance – C. Rouché, The Inscriptions from Ovacık, in: W. Young (ed.), M. Harrison, Mountain and Plain: from the Lycian Coast to the Phrygian Plateau in the Late Roman and Early Byzantine Period, Ann Arbor 2001, 87-112.
  • S. Barnish – A. D. Lee – M. Whitby, Government and Administration (Chapter 7), in: A. Cameron – B. Ward-Perkins – M. Whitby (edd.), CAH XIV2. Late Antiquity: Empire and Successors, A. D. 425-600, Cambridge 2000, 164-206.
  • G. E. Bean – T. B. Mitford, Journeys in Rough Cilicia 1964-1968 (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Phil.-hist. Kl., Denkschriften102), Vienna 1970.
  • A. Blanchard, Sigles et Abréviations Dans les Papyrus Documentaires Grecs: Recherche de Paléographie, London 1974.
  • H. Brandt, Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft Pamphyliens und Pisidiens im Altertum (Asia Minor Studien 7), Bonn 1992.
  • R. Cagnat, Centurio, in: Dizionario epigrafico di Antichità romane II, Rome 1900, 192-202.
  • J. P. Callu, Le tarif d'Abydus et la réforme monétaire d'Anastase, in: T. Hackens – R. Weiller (edd.), Proceedings of the 9th International Congress of Numismatics, Berne September 1979, Luxemburg 1982, 731-740.
  • M. Clauss, Lexicon lateinischer militärischer Fachausdrücke, Stuttgart 1999.
  • C. Clermont-Ganneau, Archaeological researches in Palestine during the years 1873-1874 I-II, London 1896.
  • T. Coello, Unit Sizes in the Late Roman Army, Oxford 1996.
  • Corpus Glossariorum Latinorum
  • P. Coyne, Priscian’s De Laude Anastasii Imperatoris, Ontario 1988 (McMAster University, PhD Thesis).
  • Corpus Papyrorum Raineri (Vols. I-XVIII, Vienna 1895-1991)
  • C. V. Daremberg – E. Saglio, Dictionnaire des antiquités grecques et romaines, d'après les textes et les monuments, Paris 1873.
  • G. Dagron, Inscriptions inédites du Musée d'Antioche, TM 9, 1985, 421-461.
  • W. Smith – W. Wayte – G. E. Marindin, A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London 1875.
  • Th. Drew-Bear, Les Voyages d’Aurelius Gaius soldat de Dioclétien, in: T. Fahd (ed.), La géographie administrative et politique d’Alexandre à Mahomet: Actes du Colloque de Strasbourg, 14-16 juin 1979, Leiden 1981, 93-141.
  • T. M. P. Duggan, Not just the Shadows on the Stone: the Greek, Lycian and Roman Craft of Encaustica (ἔγκαυσις) and the Polishing (γάνωσις) of Coloured Inscriptions, that is, of Graphō (γράφω) and its Study – Epigraphy, Phaselis II, 2016, 269-283.
  • R. Duncan-Jones, Pay and Numbers in Diocletian's Army, Chiron 8, 1978, 541-560.
  • J. Durliat – A. Guillou, Le Tarif d’Abydos (vers 492), BCH 108, 1984, 581-598.
  • Epigrafia Greca (M. Guarducci, Vols. I-IV., Rome 1957-1978)
  • H. Elton, Warfare in Roman Europe AD 350-425, Oxford 1996.
  • H. Elton, Warfare and the Military, in: N. Lenski (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Constantine, Cambridge 2006, 325-346.
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Toplam 114 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Fatih Onur 0000-0002-8568-0222

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Mayıs 2017
Gönderilme Tarihi 3 Haziran 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 14

Kaynak Göster

APA Onur, F. (2017). The Anastasian Military Decree from Perge in Pamphylia: Revised 2nd Edition. Gephyra, 14, 133-212. https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.318456
AMA Onur F. The Anastasian Military Decree from Perge in Pamphylia: Revised 2nd Edition. GEPHYRA. Mayıs 2017;14:133-212. doi:10.37095/gephyra.318456
Chicago Onur, Fatih. “The Anastasian Military Decree from Perge in Pamphylia: Revised 2nd Edition”. Gephyra 14, Mayıs (Mayıs 2017): 133-212. https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.318456.
EndNote Onur F (01 Mayıs 2017) The Anastasian Military Decree from Perge in Pamphylia: Revised 2nd Edition. Gephyra 14 133–212.
IEEE F. Onur, “The Anastasian Military Decree from Perge in Pamphylia: Revised 2nd Edition”, GEPHYRA, c. 14, ss. 133–212, 2017, doi: 10.37095/gephyra.318456.
ISNAD Onur, Fatih. “The Anastasian Military Decree from Perge in Pamphylia: Revised 2nd Edition”. Gephyra 14 (Mayıs 2017), 133-212. https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.318456.
JAMA Onur F. The Anastasian Military Decree from Perge in Pamphylia: Revised 2nd Edition. GEPHYRA. 2017;14:133–212.
MLA Onur, Fatih. “The Anastasian Military Decree from Perge in Pamphylia: Revised 2nd Edition”. Gephyra, c. 14, 2017, ss. 133-12, doi:10.37095/gephyra.318456.
Vancouver Onur F. The Anastasian Military Decree from Perge in Pamphylia: Revised 2nd Edition. GEPHYRA. 2017;14:133-212.