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Sürdürülebilir Yapı Malzemesi Olarak Bambunun Kullanımına Yönelik Bir Tasarım Önerisi: Doğu Karadeniz Örneği

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 76 - 96, 01.02.2023

Öz

Çevresel yaklaşım modeli içinde yapılarda düşük enerjili malzemelerin tercih edilmesi, yapı-yaşam döngüsünün her aşamasında enerjiyi az ve verimli kullanmak sürdürülebilirliğe önemli katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi Rize ilinde yetiştirilen, fakat yapı malzemesi olarak kullanılmayan bambunun yapı üretiminde kullanımını yaygınlaştırmak ve sürdürülebilir yapı tasarımında farkındalık oluşturmak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, bölgeye yeni ve farklı bir anlayış kazandıracağı hedeflenen bambu yapı malzemesiyle, geleneksel yapım sistemleri kullanılarak, Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi kırsal turizm alanlarında konaklama amaçlı bir tasarım modeli geliştirilmiştir. Çalışmada betimsel analiz yapılmış ve doküman analizi tekniği ile uygun detaylar seçilmiştir. Daha sonra çalışmanın işlevi ile ilişkilendirilen detaylar revize edilerek üretilen proje kapsamında kullanılmıştır. Bu bağlamda proje, geleneksel bambu yapımında kullanılan temel, duvar, döşeme, çatı ve doğrama elemanlarının uygulama biçimleri dikkate alınarak tasarlanmıştır. Modelin plan, kesit, görünüş, sistem planı-kesiti-görünüşü ve nokta detayları uygulama projesi olarak çizilmiş ve yapım süreci değerlendirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda; bambu yapım sistemlerinin ahşaba benzer olduğu, bambunun; döşeme, duvar, çatı, doğrama ve kaplamalarda kullanılabilen çok yönlü bir malzeme olduğu ve ahşap, beton, çelik, taş vb. yapı malzemeleriyle kompozit olarak kullanılabildiği görülmüştür. İklim koşullarına, topoğrafyaya, yerel dokuya ve mimariye uygun tasarım ile oluşturulan bambu yapıların ülkemizde de uygulanabileceği, ekoturizm ve yerel kalkınma adına büyük katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Awalluddin, D., Azreen, M., Ariffin, M., Osman H. M., Hussin, M. W., Mohamed, A., Ismail, M. A., Lee, H. S., and Lim, H. A. S. (2017, August 22-25). Mechanical properties of different bamboo species. The 6th International Conference of Euro Asia Civil Engineering Forum (EACEF 2017), Seul, South Korea. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201713801024
  • Aydın, Ö., Bayraktar Marangoz, D. (2022). Mimaride sürdürülebilir malzeme “bambu”. Bodrum Journal of Art and Design, 1(1), 77-94. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/bodrum/issue/68335/1066515
  • Bajpay, A., Yadav, K. S. (2019). Bamboo: a versatile plant. The Journal of the Greens and Gardens, 1(2), 24-26. http://rggf.in/manage/app/upload/publication/1208335682.pdf
  • Bamboogrove. (t.y.). The top ten reasons why bamboo can save the planet. Bamboogrove. https://www.bamboogrove.com/why-bamboo-save-planet.html (03.01.2021).
  • Bambu Batu. (2021, 22 November). The best varieties of bamboo for building and construction. Bambu Batu. https://bambubatu.com/the-best-varieties-of-bamboo-for-building-and-construction/ (12.06.2022).
  • Baykan, C. S. (1999). Phyllostachys bambusoides sieb. et. zuec. türünün rizom çelikleri ile üretimi ve bambuların kullanım alanları [Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon].
  • Dunkelberg, K. (1985). Bamboo as a building material, Bamboo- IL 31, institute for lightweight structures. University of Stuttgart, Germany, 1-431.
  • Elejoste, A., Arevalillo, A., Gabilondo, N., Butron, A., and Peña‐Rodriguez, C. (2021). Morphological analysis of several bamboo species with potential structural applications. Polymers, 13(13), 2126. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13132126
  • Fahim, M., Haris, M., Khan, W., Zaman, S. (2022). Bamboo as a Construction Material: Prospects and Challenges. Advances in Science and Technology Research Journal, 16(3), 165-175. https://doi.org/10.12913/22998624/149737
  • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (2020a). Global forest resources assessment 2020 main report. Rome. https://www.fao.org/3/ca9825en/ca9825en.pdf (10.09.2022).
  • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (2020b). Signing the memorandum of understanding between fao and the international bamboo and rattan organization (INBAR). http://www.fao.org/director-general/speeches/detail/en/c/1330892/ (10.09.2022).
  • Global Landscapes Forum. (2020). Bamboo, rattan, and forest biodiversity. Global Landscape Forum. https://www.globallandscapesforum.org/glf-news/bamboo-rattan-and-forest-biodiversity/ (10.09.2022).
  • Goh, Y., Yap, S. P., Tong, T. Y. (2020). Bamboo: The emerging renewable material for sustainable construction. Encyclopedia of Renewable and Sustainable Materials, 2, 365-376. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803581-8.10748-9 (02.09.2022).
  • Kaur, P. J. (2018). Bamboo availability and utilization potential as a building material. Forestry Research and Engineering: International Journal, 2(5), 240-242.
  • Krawczuk, K. (2013). Bamboo as sustainable material for future building industry [7 th Semester Bachelor Dissertation, Bachelor of Architectural Technology and Construction Management, Copenhagen University of Technology in Constructing Architecture Program].
  • Liese, W. (1985). Bamboos – biology, silvics, properties, utilization. Deutsches Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit Eschborn, Germany.
  • Lobovikov, M., Paudel, S., Piazza, M. (2005). World bamboo resources: a thematic study prepared in the framework of the global forest resources assessment 2005. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
  • López, O. (2003). Hidalgo, Bamboo: The gift of the gods (1st ed.). University of Minnesota, ABD.
  • Patil, S., Mutkekar, S. (2014). Bamboo as a cost-effective building material for rural construction, Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental Technology, 1, 35- 40.
  • Sharma, B., Gatoo, A., Ramage, M. H. (2015). Effect of processing methods on the mechanical properties of engineered bamboo. Construction and Building Materials, 83, 95-101.
  • Song, X., Peng, C., Zhou, G., Gu, H. (2016). Dynamic allocation and transfer of non-structural carbohydrates, a possible mechanism for the explosive growth of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys Heterocycla). Scientific Reports. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep25908
  • Taipeitimes. (2012, 11 Jun). Kaja, Sıbang, ‘Poor man’s timber’ used in Indonesia as cheaper, greener alternative to steel. Taipeitimes. http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/world/archives/2012/06/11/2003535075 (16.10.2022).
  • Var, M. (2005). Country report on bamboo report in turkey, global forest resources assessment. International Network for Bamboo and Rattan (INBAR), Turkey.
  • Voanews. (2009). Bamboo planting can slow deforestation. Voanews. https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-2006-08-29-voa51/323110.html (30.10.2022).
  • Watanabe, M. (1986, September 7-21). A Proposal on the life from of bamboos and the ecological typification of bamboo forests. XVIII IUFRO (International Union of Forestry Research Organization) World Congress, Ljubljana, Yugoslavia, Bamboo Production and Utilization, 94-98.
  • Widyowijatnoko, A. (2006). Plastered bamboo project in ınternational bamboo housing design workshop. International Network For Bamboo An Rattan, China.
  • Witte, D. (2018). Contemporary bamboo housing in south america challenges & opportunities for building in the informal sector [Master of Architecture, University of Washington].
  • Wong, K. (2004). Bamboo the amazing grass. University of Malaya, International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Yılmaz, S. (2020). Doğu Karadeniz bölgesi kırsal turizm tesisleri için yapım sistemi önerisi: yapay çentikli ahşap-beton kompozit sistem [Doktora Tezi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Trabzon].

A Design Proposal for Using Bamboo as a Sustainable Building Material: The Case of the Eastern Black Sea

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 76 - 96, 01.02.2023

Öz

Preferring low-energy materials in buildings within the environmental approach model and using energy less and efficiently at every stage of the building-life cycle make a significant contribution to sustainability. This study aims to popularize the use of bamboo, which is grown but not used as a building material in Rize in the Eastern Black Sea Region, in building products and to raise awareness of sustainable building design. In the study, a design model for accommodation in the rural tourism areas of the Eastern Black Sea Region has been developed by using traditional construction systems with bamboo construction material, which is aimed to bring a new and different understanding to the region. In the study, descriptive analysis was made and appropriate details were selected with the document analysis technique. After that, the details associated with the function of the study were revised and used within the scope of the produced project. In this context, the project was designed by considering the application forms of foundation, wall, floor, roof, and joinery elements used in traditional bamboo construction. Plan, section, view, system plan-section-view, and point details of the model were drawn as an application project and the construction process was evaluated. In this context bamboo-making systems are similar to wood. Bamboo is a versatile material that can be used in flooring, walls, roofs, joinery, and coatings and can be used as a composite with building materials such as wood, concrete, steel, stone, etc. It is thought that bamboo structures created with a design suitable for climatic conditions, topography, local texture, and architecture can also be applied in our country and contribute greatly to ecotourism and regional development.

Kaynakça

  • Awalluddin, D., Azreen, M., Ariffin, M., Osman H. M., Hussin, M. W., Mohamed, A., Ismail, M. A., Lee, H. S., and Lim, H. A. S. (2017, August 22-25). Mechanical properties of different bamboo species. The 6th International Conference of Euro Asia Civil Engineering Forum (EACEF 2017), Seul, South Korea. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201713801024
  • Aydın, Ö., Bayraktar Marangoz, D. (2022). Mimaride sürdürülebilir malzeme “bambu”. Bodrum Journal of Art and Design, 1(1), 77-94. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/bodrum/issue/68335/1066515
  • Bajpay, A., Yadav, K. S. (2019). Bamboo: a versatile plant. The Journal of the Greens and Gardens, 1(2), 24-26. http://rggf.in/manage/app/upload/publication/1208335682.pdf
  • Bamboogrove. (t.y.). The top ten reasons why bamboo can save the planet. Bamboogrove. https://www.bamboogrove.com/why-bamboo-save-planet.html (03.01.2021).
  • Bambu Batu. (2021, 22 November). The best varieties of bamboo for building and construction. Bambu Batu. https://bambubatu.com/the-best-varieties-of-bamboo-for-building-and-construction/ (12.06.2022).
  • Baykan, C. S. (1999). Phyllostachys bambusoides sieb. et. zuec. türünün rizom çelikleri ile üretimi ve bambuların kullanım alanları [Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon].
  • Dunkelberg, K. (1985). Bamboo as a building material, Bamboo- IL 31, institute for lightweight structures. University of Stuttgart, Germany, 1-431.
  • Elejoste, A., Arevalillo, A., Gabilondo, N., Butron, A., and Peña‐Rodriguez, C. (2021). Morphological analysis of several bamboo species with potential structural applications. Polymers, 13(13), 2126. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13132126
  • Fahim, M., Haris, M., Khan, W., Zaman, S. (2022). Bamboo as a Construction Material: Prospects and Challenges. Advances in Science and Technology Research Journal, 16(3), 165-175. https://doi.org/10.12913/22998624/149737
  • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (2020a). Global forest resources assessment 2020 main report. Rome. https://www.fao.org/3/ca9825en/ca9825en.pdf (10.09.2022).
  • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (2020b). Signing the memorandum of understanding between fao and the international bamboo and rattan organization (INBAR). http://www.fao.org/director-general/speeches/detail/en/c/1330892/ (10.09.2022).
  • Global Landscapes Forum. (2020). Bamboo, rattan, and forest biodiversity. Global Landscape Forum. https://www.globallandscapesforum.org/glf-news/bamboo-rattan-and-forest-biodiversity/ (10.09.2022).
  • Goh, Y., Yap, S. P., Tong, T. Y. (2020). Bamboo: The emerging renewable material for sustainable construction. Encyclopedia of Renewable and Sustainable Materials, 2, 365-376. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803581-8.10748-9 (02.09.2022).
  • Kaur, P. J. (2018). Bamboo availability and utilization potential as a building material. Forestry Research and Engineering: International Journal, 2(5), 240-242.
  • Krawczuk, K. (2013). Bamboo as sustainable material for future building industry [7 th Semester Bachelor Dissertation, Bachelor of Architectural Technology and Construction Management, Copenhagen University of Technology in Constructing Architecture Program].
  • Liese, W. (1985). Bamboos – biology, silvics, properties, utilization. Deutsches Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit Eschborn, Germany.
  • Lobovikov, M., Paudel, S., Piazza, M. (2005). World bamboo resources: a thematic study prepared in the framework of the global forest resources assessment 2005. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
  • López, O. (2003). Hidalgo, Bamboo: The gift of the gods (1st ed.). University of Minnesota, ABD.
  • Patil, S., Mutkekar, S. (2014). Bamboo as a cost-effective building material for rural construction, Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental Technology, 1, 35- 40.
  • Sharma, B., Gatoo, A., Ramage, M. H. (2015). Effect of processing methods on the mechanical properties of engineered bamboo. Construction and Building Materials, 83, 95-101.
  • Song, X., Peng, C., Zhou, G., Gu, H. (2016). Dynamic allocation and transfer of non-structural carbohydrates, a possible mechanism for the explosive growth of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys Heterocycla). Scientific Reports. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep25908
  • Taipeitimes. (2012, 11 Jun). Kaja, Sıbang, ‘Poor man’s timber’ used in Indonesia as cheaper, greener alternative to steel. Taipeitimes. http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/world/archives/2012/06/11/2003535075 (16.10.2022).
  • Var, M. (2005). Country report on bamboo report in turkey, global forest resources assessment. International Network for Bamboo and Rattan (INBAR), Turkey.
  • Voanews. (2009). Bamboo planting can slow deforestation. Voanews. https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-2006-08-29-voa51/323110.html (30.10.2022).
  • Watanabe, M. (1986, September 7-21). A Proposal on the life from of bamboos and the ecological typification of bamboo forests. XVIII IUFRO (International Union of Forestry Research Organization) World Congress, Ljubljana, Yugoslavia, Bamboo Production and Utilization, 94-98.
  • Widyowijatnoko, A. (2006). Plastered bamboo project in ınternational bamboo housing design workshop. International Network For Bamboo An Rattan, China.
  • Witte, D. (2018). Contemporary bamboo housing in south america challenges & opportunities for building in the informal sector [Master of Architecture, University of Washington].
  • Wong, K. (2004). Bamboo the amazing grass. University of Malaya, International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Yılmaz, S. (2020). Doğu Karadeniz bölgesi kırsal turizm tesisleri için yapım sistemi önerisi: yapay çentikli ahşap-beton kompozit sistem [Doktora Tezi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Trabzon].
Toplam 29 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mimari Tasarım
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Didem Bayraktar Marangoz 0000-0003-1358-3973

Özlem Aydın 0000-0002-3666-3557

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Şubat 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Bayraktar Marangoz, D., & Aydın, Ö. (2023). Sürdürülebilir Yapı Malzemesi Olarak Bambunun Kullanımına Yönelik Bir Tasarım Önerisi: Doğu Karadeniz Örneği. Bodrum Journal of Art and Design, 2(1), 76-96.