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BİYOFİLİK TASARIM YAKLAŞIMI OLARAK YEŞİL CEPHE UYGULAMALARI ÜZERİNE ARAŞTIRMA

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 97 - 113, 29.02.2024

Mehmet Esgil Ruşen Yamaçlı

https://doi.org/10.56809/icujtas.1318721

Abstract

Son yıllarda şehirlerin nüfusunun hızla artması, yapı yoğunluğunun artmasına, yeşil alanların azalmasına neden olmaktadır. Bunun kent ve insan yaşamına pek çok olumsuz etkisi olmuştur. Bu durum ise; insanın doğaya bağlılığını ifade eden ve tasarımın buna göre şekillenmesi gerektiğini belirten biyofilik tasarım anlayışının önemini arttırmıştır. Yatayda yeşil alan oluşturmanın oldukça zor olduğu günümüz şehirlerinde, en etkili biyofilik tasarım yaklaşımlarından birisi dikey yeşil alan sağlayan yeşil cephe uygulamasıdır. Çalışmada biyofilik tasarım ve yeşil cepheler hakkında bilinç oluşturmak amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda; ilk olarak doğa-mimarlık ilişkisi irdelenmiş ve çeşitli doğa temelli tasarım yaklaşımları tanımlanmıştır. Biyofilik tasarımın bu yaklaşımlarla farklılık gösterdiği nokta ve ön plana çıkan özellikleri ifade edilmiştir. Ardından biyofilik tasarımın ortaya çıkışı, tanımı ve ilkeleri belirtildikten sonra bu kapsamdaki yeşil cephe uygulamasına odaklanılmıştır. Yeşil cephenin tanımı, sınıflandırması, avantaj ve çözüm önerileri ile birlikte dezavantajları belirtilmiştir. Daha sonra yeşil cephenin uygulama çeşitleri, uygulanmış örnekleriyle beraber verilmiş, örneklerdeki yeşil cephelerin çevreye, kullanıcıya ve ait olduğu yapıya katkıları irdelenmiştir. Bütün bu incelemeler sonucunda; kentlerde, yeşil dokunun arttırılması; insanların fiziksel ve zihinsel sağlığının korunması; sürdürülebilir bir yapı tasarımı için yeşil cephe kullanımının arttırılması önerilmiştir.

Keywords

Doğa Biyofilik Tasarım Yeşil Cephe Sürdürülebilir mimari

References

  • Addo-Bankas, O., Zhao, Y., Vymazal, J., Yuan, Y., Fu, J., & Wei, T. (2021). Green walls: A form of constructed wetland in green buildings. Ecological Engineering, 169, 106321.
  • Bayraktaroğlu, Ö. E. (2014). Mimarlıkta Ekosistem Düşüncesiyle Tasarlamak. Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Blanc, P. (2016). LE NOUVEL, KUALA LUMPUR. Vertical Garden Patrick Blanc. https://www.verticalgardenpatrickblanc.com/realisations/kuala-lumpur/le-nouvel-kuala-lumpur?page=1 Erişim Tarihi: 31 Mayıs 2023.
  • Blanco, I., Vox, G., Schettini, E., & Russo, G. (2021). Assessment of the environmental loads of green façades in buildings: a comparison with un-vegetated exterior walls. Journal of Environmental Management, 294, 112927.
  • Browning, W.D., Ryan, C.O., Clancy, J.O. (2014). 14 Patterns of Biophilic Design. New York: Terrapin Bright Green LLC.
  • Bustami, R. A., Belusko, M., Ward, J., & Beecham, S. (2018). Vertical greenery systems: A systematic review of research trends. Building and Environment, 146, 226-237.
  • Chow, E. L. (2020). Site-Specific, Sculptural Green Wall Systems as Artistic Activism: Promoting a Sense of Place and Wellbeing in Hawai ‘i through Biophilic Design. Doctoral dissertation, University of Hawai'i at Manoa.
  • Coma, J., Perez, G., de Gracia, A., Burés, S., Urrestarazu, M., & Cabeza, L. F. (2017). Vertical greenery systems for energy savings in buildings: A comparative study between green walls and green facades. Building and environment, 111, 228-237.
  • Corbis (2019). The Hanging Gardens of Babylon. Asian Geographic. https://asiangeo.com/heritage/the-hanging-gardens-of-babylon/ Erişim Tarihi: 11 Mayıs 2023.
  • Crook, L. (2019). Europe's largest green wall "will absorb eight tonnes of pollution annually" in London. Dezeen. https://www.dezeen.com/2019/11/11/citicape-house-green-wall-architecture-sheppard-robson/ Erişim Tarihi: 30 Mayıs 2023.
  • Crook, L. (2020). Snøhetta wraps timber office in plant-covered suspended metal frame. Dezeen. https://www.dezeen.com/2020/08/27/snohetta-asi-reisen-headquarters-office-austria/ Erişim Tarihi: 30 Mayıs 2023.
  • DecDor. (b.t.). Yeşil Dış Cephe Kaplama. DecDor. https://www.decdor.com/yesil-dis-cephe-kaplama/ Erişim Tarihi: 01 Haziran 2023.
  • Downton, P., Jones, D., Zeunert, J., & Roös, P. (2017). Biophilic design applications: Putting theory and patterns into built environment practice. KnE Engineering, 59-65.
  • Flatscher, C. (b.t.). ASI Reisen Headquarters – A Lush Open Office Space in Timber. Archello. https://archello.com/project/asi-reisen-headquarters Erişim Tarihi: 30 Mayıs 2023.
  • Fonseca, F., Paschoalino, M., & Silva, L. (2023). Health and Well-Being Benefits of Outdoor and Indoor Vertical Greening Systems: A Review. Sustainability, 15(5), 4107.
  • González-Díaz, M. J., & García-Navarro, J. (2016). Non-technical approach to the challenges of ecological architecture: Learning from Van der Laan. Frontiers of Architectural Research, 5(2), 202-212.
  • Ingenhoven Architects / HGEsch. (2020). Ingenhoven Architects wraps Düsseldorf office with five miles of hedges to create Europe's largest green facade. Dezeen. https://www.dezeen.com/2020/05/04/ingenhoven-architects-dusseldorf-ko-bogen-ii-office-hedges/ Erişim Tarihi: 30 Mayıs 2023.
  • Ingenhoven Associates. (2019). Kö-Bogen II. Archello. https://archello.com/project/ko-bogen-ii Erişim Tarihi: 30 Mayıs 2023.
  • İbrahim N, N. (2022). Kö-Bogen II: Europe's largest Green Facade in Düsseldorf, Germany by CENTRUM Group, B&L Group and Ingenhoven Architects. Amazing Architecture. https://amazingarchitecture.com/mixed-use-buildings/ko-bogen-ii-europes-largest-green-facade-in-dusseldorf-germany-by-centrum-group-bl-group-and-ingenhoven-architects Erişim Tarihi: 30 Mayıs 2023.
  • İrfanoğlu, H. İ., & Leyla, S. U. R. İ. (2022). Biyofilik Tasarım Kriterlerinin Mekânlar Üzerinden Değerlendirilmesi. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 21(41), 95-116.
  • Katana, B., Green Facade Systems as Technology of Removing Heat from Indoor Environment.
  • Kellert, S., & Calabrese, E. (2015). The practice of biophilic design. London: Terrapin Bright LLC, 3, 21-46.
  • Kobya, H. B. (2017). Düşey yeşil cepheler ve yeşil çatıların ekolojik kriterler bakımından incelenmesi ve enerji verimliliğinin değerlendirilmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
  • Lyle, J. T. (1994). Regenerative design for sustainable development. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY.
  • Modi, K., & Parmar, S. (2020). Understanding biophilia and its integration with architecture. International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Research, 11(5).
  • Newtecnic. (b.t.). Le Nouvel (formerly Menara DNP Towers), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Newtecnic. https://newtecnic.com/le-nouvel-kuala-lumpur-malaysia Erişim Tarihi: 31 Mayıs 2023.
  • Pérez-Urrestarazu, L., Fernández-Cañero, R., Franco-Salas, A., & Egea, G. (2015). Vertical greening systems and sustainable cities. Journal of Urban Technology, 22(4), 65-85.
  • Perini, K., & Rosasco, P. (2013). Cost–benefit analysis for green façades and living wall systems. Building and Environment, 70, 110-121.
  • Ravenscroft, T. (2020). Ingenhoven Architects wraps Düsseldorf office with five miles of hedges to create Europe's largest green facade. Dezeen. https://www.dezeen.com/2020/05/04/ingenhoven-architects-dusseldorf-ko-bogen-ii-office-hedges/ Erişim Tarihi: 30 Mayıs 2023.
  • Robbins, G. (2006). Farnsworth House Online İmage. Flickr. https://www.flickr.com/photos/greg_robbins/282855905/in/album-72157594350732180/ Erişim Tarihi: 15 Haziran 2023.
  • Robson, S. (b.t.). Citicape House creates a distinctive architectural statement, while absorbing eight tonnes of pollution annually and setting the standard for urban greening in London. Sheppard Robson. https://www.sheppardrobson.com/projects/citicape-house Erişim Tarihi: 30 Mayıs 2023.
  • Sandstead, L. (2003). Fallingwater, Frank Lloyd Wright, 1939. Sandstead. http://www.sandstead.com/images/fallingwater/WRIGHT_FL_Fallingwater_1939_LS_d100_06.jpg Erişim Tarihi: 11 Mayıs 2023.
  • Snøhetta, (b.t.). ASI Reisen Headquarters – A Lush Open Office Space in Timber. Archello. https://archello.com/de/project/asi-reisen-headquarters Erişim Tarihi: 30 Mayıs 2023.
  • Şenozan, M. I. (2018). İnsan-mekan-doğa etkileşiminin sürdürülebilir bir öğretisi olarak biyofilik tasarım Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Mimar Sinan Güzel Sanatlar Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Wasista, I. P. U., & Kerdiati, N. L. K. R. (2021). The Forgotten Barong Kedingkling and Legong Tombol as Green Facade Inspiration. Journal of Aesthetics, Design, and Art Management, 1(1), 43-48.
  • Wikipedia. (2021). Hasta Bina Sendromu. Wikipedia. https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasta_bina_sendromu Erişim Tarihi: 15 Nisan 2023.
  • Zhong, W., Schröder, T., & Bekkering, J. (2022). Biophilic design in architecture and its contributions to health, well-being, and sustainability: A critical review. Frontiers of Architectural Research, 11(1), 114-141.

RESEARCH ON GREEN FACADE APPLICATİONS AS A BIOPHILIC DESIGN APPROACH

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 97 - 113, 29.02.2024

Mehmet Esgil Ruşen Yamaçlı

https://doi.org/10.56809/icujtas.1318721

Abstract

In recent years, the population of cities has been increasing rapidly, which causes an increase in building density and a decrease in green areas. This has had many negative effects on the city and human life. This situation; it has increased the importance of the biophilic design approach, which expresses the commitment of people to nature and that the design should be shaped accordingly. In today's cities, where it is very difficult to create horizontal green spaces, one of the most effective biophilic design approaches is the green facade application that provides vertical green space.In this study, it is aimed to raise awareness about biophilic design and green facades. In accordance with this purpose; firstly, the relationship between nature and architecture was examined and various nature-based design approaches were defined. The point where biophilic design differs with these approaches and its prominent features are expressed. Then, after the emergence, definition and principles of biophilic design, the green facade application in this context is focused. The green facade; definition, classification, advantages and solution suggestions together with disadvantages are stated. Then, the application types of the green facade are given together with the applied examples, and the contributions of the green facades in the examples to the environment, the user and the structure it belongs to are examined. As a result of all these investigations; increasing the green fabric in cities; protection of people's physical and mental health; It has been suggested to increase the use of green facades for a sustainable building design.

Keywords

Nature Biophilic design Green facade Sustainable architecture

References

  • Addo-Bankas, O., Zhao, Y., Vymazal, J., Yuan, Y., Fu, J., & Wei, T. (2021). Green walls: A form of constructed wetland in green buildings. Ecological Engineering, 169, 106321.
  • Bayraktaroğlu, Ö. E. (2014). Mimarlıkta Ekosistem Düşüncesiyle Tasarlamak. Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Blanc, P. (2016). LE NOUVEL, KUALA LUMPUR. Vertical Garden Patrick Blanc. https://www.verticalgardenpatrickblanc.com/realisations/kuala-lumpur/le-nouvel-kuala-lumpur?page=1 Erişim Tarihi: 31 Mayıs 2023.
  • Blanco, I., Vox, G., Schettini, E., & Russo, G. (2021). Assessment of the environmental loads of green façades in buildings: a comparison with un-vegetated exterior walls. Journal of Environmental Management, 294, 112927.
  • Browning, W.D., Ryan, C.O., Clancy, J.O. (2014). 14 Patterns of Biophilic Design. New York: Terrapin Bright Green LLC.
  • Bustami, R. A., Belusko, M., Ward, J., & Beecham, S. (2018). Vertical greenery systems: A systematic review of research trends. Building and Environment, 146, 226-237.
  • Chow, E. L. (2020). Site-Specific, Sculptural Green Wall Systems as Artistic Activism: Promoting a Sense of Place and Wellbeing in Hawai ‘i through Biophilic Design. Doctoral dissertation, University of Hawai'i at Manoa.
  • Coma, J., Perez, G., de Gracia, A., Burés, S., Urrestarazu, M., & Cabeza, L. F. (2017). Vertical greenery systems for energy savings in buildings: A comparative study between green walls and green facades. Building and environment, 111, 228-237.
  • Corbis (2019). The Hanging Gardens of Babylon. Asian Geographic. https://asiangeo.com/heritage/the-hanging-gardens-of-babylon/ Erişim Tarihi: 11 Mayıs 2023.
  • Crook, L. (2019). Europe's largest green wall "will absorb eight tonnes of pollution annually" in London. Dezeen. https://www.dezeen.com/2019/11/11/citicape-house-green-wall-architecture-sheppard-robson/ Erişim Tarihi: 30 Mayıs 2023.
  • Crook, L. (2020). Snøhetta wraps timber office in plant-covered suspended metal frame. Dezeen. https://www.dezeen.com/2020/08/27/snohetta-asi-reisen-headquarters-office-austria/ Erişim Tarihi: 30 Mayıs 2023.
  • DecDor. (b.t.). Yeşil Dış Cephe Kaplama. DecDor. https://www.decdor.com/yesil-dis-cephe-kaplama/ Erişim Tarihi: 01 Haziran 2023.
  • Downton, P., Jones, D., Zeunert, J., & Roös, P. (2017). Biophilic design applications: Putting theory and patterns into built environment practice. KnE Engineering, 59-65.
  • Flatscher, C. (b.t.). ASI Reisen Headquarters – A Lush Open Office Space in Timber. Archello. https://archello.com/project/asi-reisen-headquarters Erişim Tarihi: 30 Mayıs 2023.
  • Fonseca, F., Paschoalino, M., & Silva, L. (2023). Health and Well-Being Benefits of Outdoor and Indoor Vertical Greening Systems: A Review. Sustainability, 15(5), 4107.
  • González-Díaz, M. J., & García-Navarro, J. (2016). Non-technical approach to the challenges of ecological architecture: Learning from Van der Laan. Frontiers of Architectural Research, 5(2), 202-212.
  • Ingenhoven Architects / HGEsch. (2020). Ingenhoven Architects wraps Düsseldorf office with five miles of hedges to create Europe's largest green facade. Dezeen. https://www.dezeen.com/2020/05/04/ingenhoven-architects-dusseldorf-ko-bogen-ii-office-hedges/ Erişim Tarihi: 30 Mayıs 2023.
  • Ingenhoven Associates. (2019). Kö-Bogen II. Archello. https://archello.com/project/ko-bogen-ii Erişim Tarihi: 30 Mayıs 2023.
  • İbrahim N, N. (2022). Kö-Bogen II: Europe's largest Green Facade in Düsseldorf, Germany by CENTRUM Group, B&L Group and Ingenhoven Architects. Amazing Architecture. https://amazingarchitecture.com/mixed-use-buildings/ko-bogen-ii-europes-largest-green-facade-in-dusseldorf-germany-by-centrum-group-bl-group-and-ingenhoven-architects Erişim Tarihi: 30 Mayıs 2023.
  • İrfanoğlu, H. İ., & Leyla, S. U. R. İ. (2022). Biyofilik Tasarım Kriterlerinin Mekânlar Üzerinden Değerlendirilmesi. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 21(41), 95-116.
  • Katana, B., Green Facade Systems as Technology of Removing Heat from Indoor Environment.
  • Kellert, S., & Calabrese, E. (2015). The practice of biophilic design. London: Terrapin Bright LLC, 3, 21-46.
  • Kobya, H. B. (2017). Düşey yeşil cepheler ve yeşil çatıların ekolojik kriterler bakımından incelenmesi ve enerji verimliliğinin değerlendirilmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
  • Lyle, J. T. (1994). Regenerative design for sustainable development. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY.
  • Modi, K., & Parmar, S. (2020). Understanding biophilia and its integration with architecture. International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Research, 11(5).
  • Newtecnic. (b.t.). Le Nouvel (formerly Menara DNP Towers), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Newtecnic. https://newtecnic.com/le-nouvel-kuala-lumpur-malaysia Erişim Tarihi: 31 Mayıs 2023.
  • Pérez-Urrestarazu, L., Fernández-Cañero, R., Franco-Salas, A., & Egea, G. (2015). Vertical greening systems and sustainable cities. Journal of Urban Technology, 22(4), 65-85.
  • Perini, K., & Rosasco, P. (2013). Cost–benefit analysis for green façades and living wall systems. Building and Environment, 70, 110-121.
  • Ravenscroft, T. (2020). Ingenhoven Architects wraps Düsseldorf office with five miles of hedges to create Europe's largest green facade. Dezeen. https://www.dezeen.com/2020/05/04/ingenhoven-architects-dusseldorf-ko-bogen-ii-office-hedges/ Erişim Tarihi: 30 Mayıs 2023.
  • Robbins, G. (2006). Farnsworth House Online İmage. Flickr. https://www.flickr.com/photos/greg_robbins/282855905/in/album-72157594350732180/ Erişim Tarihi: 15 Haziran 2023.
  • Robson, S. (b.t.). Citicape House creates a distinctive architectural statement, while absorbing eight tonnes of pollution annually and setting the standard for urban greening in London. Sheppard Robson. https://www.sheppardrobson.com/projects/citicape-house Erişim Tarihi: 30 Mayıs 2023.
  • Sandstead, L. (2003). Fallingwater, Frank Lloyd Wright, 1939. Sandstead. http://www.sandstead.com/images/fallingwater/WRIGHT_FL_Fallingwater_1939_LS_d100_06.jpg Erişim Tarihi: 11 Mayıs 2023.
  • Snøhetta, (b.t.). ASI Reisen Headquarters – A Lush Open Office Space in Timber. Archello. https://archello.com/de/project/asi-reisen-headquarters Erişim Tarihi: 30 Mayıs 2023.
  • Şenozan, M. I. (2018). İnsan-mekan-doğa etkileşiminin sürdürülebilir bir öğretisi olarak biyofilik tasarım Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Mimar Sinan Güzel Sanatlar Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Wasista, I. P. U., & Kerdiati, N. L. K. R. (2021). The Forgotten Barong Kedingkling and Legong Tombol as Green Facade Inspiration. Journal of Aesthetics, Design, and Art Management, 1(1), 43-48.
  • Wikipedia. (2021). Hasta Bina Sendromu. Wikipedia. https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasta_bina_sendromu Erişim Tarihi: 15 Nisan 2023.
  • Zhong, W., Schröder, T., & Bekkering, J. (2022). Biophilic design in architecture and its contributions to health, well-being, and sustainability: A critical review. Frontiers of Architectural Research, 11(1), 114-141.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Architectural Design, Sustainable Architecture
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Mehmet Esgil 0000-0002-6846-0404

Ruşen Yamaçlı 0000-0001-9659-9246

Publication Date February 29, 2024
Submission Date June 22, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Esgil, M., & Yamaçlı, R. (2024). BİYOFİLİK TASARIM YAKLAŞIMI OLARAK YEŞİL CEPHE UYGULAMALARI ÜZERİNE ARAŞTIRMA. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Teknoloji Ve Uygulamalı Bilimler Dergisi, 6(2), 97-113. https://doi.org/10.56809/icujtas.1318721
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